ArticleThe Prostate2012
T cells localized to the androgen-deprived prostate are TH1 and TH17 biased.
Article in The Prostate, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Androgen deprivation, androgen receptor-targeted vaccination, and nivolumab in patients with high-risk localized prostate cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Trial
- A randomized phase II trial evaluating different schedules of zoledronic acid on bone mineral density in patients with prostate cancer beginning androgen deprivation therapy.Clinical genitourinary cancer · 2013Trial
- Sex Steroid Hormone Regulation of T-Cell Function and Antitumor Immunity.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Review
- Targeting androgen receptor signaling to enhance cancer immunotherapy.Trends in pharmacological sciences · 2025Review
- Sequence of androgen receptor-targeted vaccination with androgen deprivation therapy affects anti-prostate tumor efficacy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- Cancer Cell-Extrinsic Roles for the Androgen Receptor in Prostate Cancer.Endocrinology · 2023Review
- Treatment Combinations with DNA Vaccines for the Treatment of Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC).Cancers · 2020Review
- Androgen deprivation as a tumour-immunomodulating treatment.Nature reviews. Urology · 2020Article
- Androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer and the risk of autoimmune diseases.Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2019Article
- Potentiating prostate cancer immunotherapy with oncolytic viruses.Nature reviews. Urology · 2018Review
- Androgen deprivation and immunotherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer.Endocrine-related cancer · 2017Review
- Prostate Cancer Cells Express More Androgen Receptor (AR) Following Androgen Deprivation, Improving Recognition by AR-Specific T Cells.Cancer immunology research · 2017Article
- Immune Modulation by Androgen Deprivation and Radiation Therapy: Implications for Prostate Cancer Immunotherapy.Cancers · 2017Review
- Interleukin-17 promotes development of castration-resistant prostate cancer potentially through creating an immunotolerant and pro-angiogenic tumor microenvironment.The Prostate · 2014Article
- Combining T-cell immunotherapy and anti-androgen therapy for prostate cancer.Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundT cells infiltrate the prostates of prostate cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant androgen deprivation. These prostate-infiltrating T cells have an oligoclonal phenotype, suggesting the development of an antigen-specific T-cell response. We hypothesized that androgen deprivation might elicit a prostate tissue-specific T-cell response that could potentially be combined with other immune-active therapies, and consequently sought to investigate the nature and timing of this T-cell response following castration.
methodsWe investigated the phenotype and cytokine expression of T cells at various time points in the prostates of Lewis rats following surgical castration, and used adoptive transfer of prostate-infiltrating lymphocytes (PILs) to determine whether the infiltration by T cells was mediated by effects of castration on the prostate or lymphocytes.
resultsProstate T-cell infiltration shortly after castration was T(H) 1 biased up to approximately 30 days, followed by a predominance of T(H) 17-type cells, which persisted until at least 90 days post castration. PILs from sham-treated or castrate rats localized to the prostates of castrate animals.
conclusionsThese observations suggest castration elicits a time-dependent prostate-specific T-cell infiltration, and this infiltration is likely mediated by effects of castration on prostate tissue rather than T-cells. These findings have implications for the timing of immunotherapies combined with androgen deprivation as treatments for prostate cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.