Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22212596›Full record

ArticleMolecular psychiatry2013

Enrichment of cis-regulatory gene expression SNPs and methylation quantitative trait loci among bipolar disorder susceptibility variants.

E R Gamazon, J A Badner, L Cheng, C Zhang, D Zhang, N J Cox, E S Gershon, J R Kelsoe, T A Greenwood, C M Nievergelt and 30 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular psychiatry, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 110 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
110citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
15.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

110 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 167 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Candidate gene studies of a promising intermediate phenotype: failure to replicate.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2013
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  19. Genetic control of the human brain proteome.American journal of human genetics · 2021
    Article
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50 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

40 authors at 20 institutions in 3 countries.

E R GamazonDepartment of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60607-7173, USA.
J A Badner
L Cheng
C Zhang
D Zhang
N J Cox
E S Gershon
J R Kelsoe
T A Greenwood
C M Nievergelt
C Chen
R McKinney
P D Shilling
N J Schork
E N Smith
C S Bloss
J I Nurnberger
H J Edenberg
T Foroud
D L Koller
W A Scheftner
W Coryell
J Rice
W B Lawson
E A Nwulia
M Hipolito
W Byerley
F J McMahon
T G Schulze
W H Berrettini
J B Potash
P P Zandi
P B Mahon
M G McInnis
S Zöllner
P Zhang
D W Craig
S Szelinger
T B Barrett
C Liu
University of California, San Diego · USUniversity of Chicago · USUniversity of Illinois Chicago · USHoward University · USScripps Research Institute · USUniversity of Michigan–Ann Arbor · USIndiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis · USIndiana University School of MedicineJohns Hopkins University · USTranslational Genomics Research Institute · USJohns Hopkins Medicine · USNational Institute of Mental Health · USNational Institutes of Health · USPortland VA Medical Center · USRush University · USUniversity of California, San Francisco · USUniversity of Iowa · USUniversity of Pennsylvania · USWashington University in St. Louis · USZhejiang University · CN

Funding

Whole GenomeU01GM061393 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI RATAIN, MARK J · 2000 to 2014
$39.0M
Genomic Predictors of Combat Stress Vulnerability and ResilienceR01MH093500 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI NIEVERGELT, CAROLINE M · 2011 to 2013
$2.7M
The Genetic and Genomic Study of MicroRNA in Bipolar and SchizophreniaR01MH080425 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI LIU, CHUNYU · 2007 to 2010
$2.6M
Genome-wide Association Mapping of Metabolic, Lung and Cardiovascular PhenotypesU01HL084715 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI COX, NANCY J · 2006 to 2008
$836k
Using the Transcriptome for SNP and Gene AnnotationR01MH090937 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI COX, NANCY J, NICOLAE, DAN LIVIU · 2010 to 2012
$825k
Medical Research Council G1001799NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL084715NIGMS NIH HHS U01 GM061393NIGMS NIH HHS U01 GM61393NIMH NIH HHS 5R01MH080425NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH080425NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH090937NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH093500
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We conducted a systematic study of top susceptibility variants from a genome-wide association (GWA) study of bipolar disorder to gain insight into the functional consequences of genetic variation influencing disease risk. We report here the results of experiments to explore the effects of these susceptibility variants on DNA methylation and mRNA expression in human cerebellum samples. Among the top susceptibility variants, we identified an enrichment of cis regulatory loci on mRNA expression (eQTLs), and a significant excess of quantitative trait loci for DNA CpG methylation, hereafter referred to as methylation quantitative trait loci (mQTLs). Bipolar disorder susceptibility variants that cis regulate both cerebellar expression and methylation of the same gene are a very small proportion of bipolar disorder susceptibility variants. This finding suggests that mQTLs and eQTLs provide orthogonal ways of functionally annotating genetic variation within the context of studies of pathophysiology in brain. No lymphocyte mQTL enrichment was found, suggesting that mQTL enrichment was specific to the cerebellum, in contrast to eQTLs. Separately, we found that using mQTL information to restrict the number of single-nucleotide polymorphisms studied enhances our ability to detect a significant association. With this restriction a priori informed by the observed functional enrichment, we identified a significant association (rs12618769, P(bonferroni)<0.05) from two other GWA studies (TGen+GAIN; 2191 cases and 1434 controls) of bipolar disorder, which we replicated in an independent GWA study (WTCCC). Collectively, our findings highlight the importance of integrating functional annotation of genetic variants for gene expression and DNA methylation to advance the biological understanding of bipolar disorder.

Indexed as

Bipolar DisorderCerebellumDNA MethylationGene Expression RegulationGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansMethylationPolymorphism, Single NucleotideQuantitative Trait Loci

Identifiers

PMID22212596
PMCPMC3601550
OpenAlexW2017316872

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.