Trial reportDiabetes care2012
High fat intake leads to acute postprandial exposure to circulating endotoxin in type 2 diabetic subjects.
Trial report in Diabetes care, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 108 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
108 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Relationship of Zonulin with Serum PCSK9 Levels after a High Fat Load in a Population of Obese Subjects.Biomolecules · 2020Trial
- Oral vancomycin treatment does not alter markers of postprandial inflammation in lean and obese subjects.Physiological reports · 2019Trial
- Gut-derived lipopolysaccharides increase post-prandial oxidative stress via Nox2 activation in patients with impaired fasting glucose tolerance: effect of extra-virgin olive oil.European journal of nutrition · 2019Trial
- Emulsifying dietary fat modulates postprandial endotoxemia associated with chylomicronemia in obese men: a pilot randomized crossover study.Lipids in health and disease · 2017Trial
- Comparisons of the Postprandial Inflammatory and Endotoxaemic Responses to Mixed Meals in Young and Older Individuals: A Randomised Trial.Nutrients · 2017Trial
- Inflammatory and metabolic responses to high-fat meals with and without dairy products in men.The British journal of nutrition · 2015Trial
- Probiotic supplementation prevents high-fat, overfeeding-induced insulin resistance in human subjects.The British journal of nutrition · 2015Trial
- A dose-response strategy reveals differences between normal-weight and obese men in their metabolic and inflammatory responses to a high-fat meal.The Journal of nutrition · 2014Trial
- Trial
- Effects of indigestible carbohydrates in barley on glucose metabolism, appetite and voluntary food intake over 16 h in healthy adults.Nutrition journal · 2013Trial
- Vascular and inflammatory high fat meal responses in young healthy men; a discriminative role of IL-8 observed in a randomized trial.PloS one · 2013Trial
- Postprandial Inflammatory Stress: A Hypothesis-Generating Framework Linking Metabolic, Immune and Vascular Responses.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Endotoxins and Metabolic Endotoxemia in Obesity and Associated Noncommunicable Diseases: A Focus on Sex Differences.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Benzydamine Attenuates Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Expression Through Inhibition of ERK MAPK in Activated Human Monocytic Cells Under Hyperglycemic Condition.Mediators of inflammation · 2026Article
- Metabolic syndrome and risk of sepsis and sepsis-related mortality: evidence from two large prospective cohort studies.Military Medical Research · 2026Article
- Circulating endotoxin is correlated with fatty acid binding protein 2 and leukocyte nuclear factor-κB activation in menopausal women.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Drives VEGF Gene Expression in Monocytic Cells.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Preeclampsia: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Probiotic-Based Interventions.Mediators of inflammation · 2025Article
- The balance between proinflammatory, "bad", and immunomodulatory, "good", lipopolysaccharide for understanding gut-derived systemic inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
48 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the changes in circulating endotoxin after a high-saturated fat meal to determine whether these effects depend on metabolic disease state. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsSubjects (n = 54) were given a high-fat meal (75 g fat, 5 g carbohydrate, 6 g protein) after an overnight fast (nonobese control [NOC]: age 39.9 ± 11.8 years [mean ± SD], BMI 24.9 ± 3.2 kg/m(2), n = 9; obese: age 43.8 ± 9.5 years, BMI 33.3 ± 2.5 kg/m(2), n = 15; impaired glucose tolerance [IGT]: age 41.7 ± 11.3 years, BMI 32.0 ± 4.5 kg/m(2), n = 12; type 2 diabetic: age 45.4 ± 10.1 years, BMI 30.3 ± 4.5 kg/m(2), n = 18). Blood was collected before (0 h) and after the meal (1-4 h) for analysis.
resultsBaseline endotoxin was significantly higher in the type 2 diabetic and IGT subjects than in NOC subjects, with baseline circulating endotoxin levels 60.6% higher in type 2 diabetic subjects than in NOC subjects (P < 0.05). Ingestion of a high-fat meal led to a significant rise in endotoxin levels in type 2 diabetic, IGT, and obese subjects over the 4-h time period (P < 0.05). These findings also showed that, at 4 h after a meal, type 2 diabetic subjects had higher circulating endotoxin levels (125.4%↑) than NOC subjects (P < 0.05).
conclusionsThese studies have highlighted that exposure to a high-fat meal elevates circulating endotoxin irrespective of metabolic state, as early as 1 h after a meal. However, this increase is substantial in IGT and type 2 diabetic subjects, suggesting that metabolic endotoxinemia is exacerbated after high fat intake. In conclusion, our data suggest that, in a compromised metabolic state such as type 2 diabetes, a continual snacking routine will cumulatively promote their condition more rapidly than in other individuals because of the greater exposure to endotoxin.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.