ArticleJournal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle2011
Growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor 1, and insulin signaling-a pharmacological target in body wasting and cachexia.
Article in Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cancer- and cardiac-induced cachexia: same fate through different inflammatory mediators?Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2022Pooled it
- The effects of tissue inflammation on cancer cachexia.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease · 2026Review
- Skeletal Muscle Aging: Enhancing Skeletal Muscle Integrity and Function as a Potential Pharmacological Approach.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Association of an impaired GH-IGF-I axis with cardiac wasting in patients with advanced cancer.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2025Article
- Methods for diagnosing malnutrition in patients with esophageal cancer, and the association with nutritional and inflammatory indices: A cross‑sectional study.Oncology letters · 2025Article
- Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF1) and Its Isoforms: Insights into the Mechanisms of Endometrial Cancer.Cancers · 2025Review
- Review
- Deficiency of skeletal muscle Agrin contributes to the pathogenesis of age-related sarcopenia in mice.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- Review
- Association of insulin receptor substrate 1 (Animal biotechnology · 2023Article
- Highlighting the idea of exerkines in the management of cancer patients with cachexia: novel insights and a critical review.BMC cancer · 2023Review
- Necroptosis Mediates Muscle Protein Degradation in a Cachexia Model of Weanling Pig with Lipopolysaccharide Challenge.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Host-Derived Cytotoxic Agents in Chronic Inflammation and Disease Progression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Review
- Proteomic profiling of low muscle and high fat mass: a machine learning approach in the KORA S4/FF4 study.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2021Article
- Altered glucose metabolism and insulin resistance in cancer-induced cachexia: a sweet poison.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2021Review
- Cancer Cachexia and Related Metabolic Dysfunction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Relationship among Activities of Daily Living, Nutritional Status, and 90 Day Readmission in Elderly Patients with Heart Failure.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Somatotropic Axis Dysfunction in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Beneficial Hepatic and Systemic Effects of Hormone Supplementation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Article
- Skeletal muscle performance and ageing.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cachexia is an irreversible process that can develop in the course of chronic disease. It is characterized by the remodeling of the metabolic, inflammatory, and endocrine pathways. Insulin, growth hormone (GH), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) are involved in glucose, protein, and fat metabolism, which regulates body composition. In body wasting and cachexia, their signaling is impaired and causes anabolic/catabolic imbalance. Important mechanisms include inflammatory cytokines and neurohormonal activation. Remodeled post-receptor insulin, GH, and IGF-1 pathways constitute a potential target for pharmacological treatment in the setting of body wasting and cachexia. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists, drugs inhibiting angiotensin II action (angiotensin II antagonists and inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme), and testosterone, which interfere with post-receptor pathways of insulin, GH, and IGF-1, were investigated as pharmacological intervention targets and various clinically important implications were reported. There are several other potential targets, but their treatment feasibility and applicability is yet to be established.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.