Trial reportEuropean journal of pediatrics2012
Stress response and procedural pain in the preterm newborn: the role of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments.
Trial report in European journal of pediatrics, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of facilitated tucking position during painful procedure in pain management of preterm infants in neonatal intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of pediatrics · 2020Pooled it
- Pain and distress outcomes in infants and children: a systematic review.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2017Pooled it
- Maternal facilitated tucking versus nurse facilitated tucking for alleviation of pain during neonatal heel lancing: A randomised, two-period, cross-over trial.The Indian journal of medical research · 2026Trial
- Multisensory stimulation by mothers: impact on neonatal pain and maternal anxiety during heel blood collection: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Trial
- Effects of Kangaroo care during retinopathy screening examination: a randomised clinical trial.BMJ paediatrics open · 2026Trial
- Effect of electroacupuncture on pain after periodontal flap surgery: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan · 2025Trial
- Effect of eye shield and ear muffs on pain intensity during venous blood sampling in premature infants: a clinical trial study.BMC pediatrics · 2023Trial
- Premedication with melatonin vs midazolam: efficacy on anxiety and compliance in paediatric surgical patients.European journal of pediatrics · 2017Trial
- Oral glucose in preterm neonates during oropharyngeal suctioning: a randomized controlled cross-over trial.European journal of pediatrics · 2015Trial
- The effect of facilitated tucking during endotracheal suctioning on procedural pain in preterm neonates: a randomized controlled crossover study.Global journal of health science · 2014Trial
- Opioids for procedural pain in neonates.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Review
- Opioids for procedural pain in neonates.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Review
- A survey of procedural pain assessment and non-pharmacologic analgesic interventions in neonates in Spanish public maternity units.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2020Article
- Relationship between endogenous melatonin concentrations and uterine contractions in late third trimester of human pregnancy.Journal of pineal research · 2019Article
- Effect of Multisensory Stimulation on Pain of Eye Examination in Preterm Infants.Anesthesiology and pain medicine · 2017Article
- Short-Term Effects of Hydrokinesiotherapy in Hospitalized Preterm Newborns.Rehabilitation research and practice · 2016Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Single Low Dose Intravenous Fentanyl in Pain Reduction of Lumbar Puncture in Near Term Neonates by A Randomized Clinical Trial.Iranian journal of child neurology · 2016Article
- Pain management in newborns.Clinics in perinatology · 2014Review
- Music therapy in the NICU: is there evidence to support integration for procedural support?Advances in neonatal care : official journal of the National Association of Neonatal Nurses · 2013Review
- Pharmacoepidemiology of opiate use in the neonatal ICU: Increasing cumulative doses and iatrogenic opiate withdrawal.Journal of opioid managementArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
unlabelledRepeated invasive procedures occur routinely in neonates who require intensive care, causing pain at a time when it is developmentally unexpected. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that repeated and prolonged pain exposure alters their subsequent pain processing, long-term development, and behaviour. Primary outcome of this study was to evaluate the reduction of procedural pain induced by "heel-lances" in preterm newborns with three different treatment [administration of fentanyl (FE, 1-2 μg/kg), facilitated tucking (FT), sensorial saturation (SS)]. Secondary outcome was the measurement of the levels of cytokines as markers of stress correlated to pain. A prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing three different pharmacological or non-pharmacological treatments was performed involving 150 preterm newborn (gestational age 27-32 weeks). No other analgesic treatment was performed during the study. CRIES score was used to evaluate the procedural pain. The results showed that the reduction in the pain score was greater in FE and SS groups than FS group. The differences were statistically significant (p < 0.01). The levels of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α were higher in the FT individuals than in the FE or SS-treated infants at 1 day (p < 0.01), at 3 days (p < 0.01), and at 7 days (p < 0.01) of life.
conclusionsThe findings of this study suggest that FE and SS provide a superior analgesia in preterm neonates during procedural pain. In particular, sensorial saturation seems to be an important non-pharmacological alternative treatment to prevent and reduce the procedural pain in preterm newborn.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.