ArticleGait & posture2012
Compressive tibiofemoral force during crouch gait.
Article in Gait & posture, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 120 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
120 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 372 citations in OpenAlex.
- The non-invasive evaluation technique of patellofemoral joint stress: a systematic literature review.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of the Associations Between Inverse Dynamics and Musculoskeletal Modeling to Investigate Joint Loading in a Clinical Environment.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2020Pooled it
- Effectiveness of surgical and non-surgical management of crouch gait in cerebral palsy: A systematic review.Gait & posture · 2017Pooled it
- Is my model good enough? Best practices for verification and validation of musculoskeletal models and simulations of movement.Journal of biomechanical engineering · 2015Guideline
- Biomechanical effects of powered knee orthoses and articulated ankle-foot orthoses in people with diparetic cerebral palsy: a pilot study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Increasing error at targeted phase of gait facilitates motor adaptation for improving crouch gait in children with cerebral palsy.Journal of neurophysiology · 2026Article
- Altered knee joint loading in patients with chronic ankle instability during running.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Hip Joint Loading During Walking Is Associated With Cartilage Defect Severity in Young Adult Football Players With Hip/Groin Pain.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2026Article
- Medial-pivot total knee arthroplasty demonstrates more constrained mid-flexion gait kinematics than posterior-stabilised total knee arthroplasty under standardised soft-tissue balancing: A randomised controlled trial with a healthy reference cohort.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2026Article
- Hip joint contact forces and muscle contributions between bounce and standard squats.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Feasibility of predicting changes in gait biomechanics following muscle strength perturbations using optimal control in patients with transfemoral amputation.Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- The "Mechano-Metabolic-Immune" crosstalk within the skeletal muscle microenvironment: evolution of homeostatic remodeling and quality control mechanisms.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Ankle Exoskeleton Assistance Reduces Knee Contact Force During Walking in Individuals With Cerebral Palsy.IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society · 2026Article
- Effects of slope on lower-limb bilateral asymmetry and dynamic stability during running.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Toe-In and Toe-Out Walking Patterns and Lateral Wedge Insoles: A Musculoskeletal Simulation and Probabilistic Modelling Assessment of Medial Tibiofemoral Cartilage Mechanics.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Biomechanical simulations of hindlimb function inScience advances · 2025Article
- Peak, cumulative and rate of medial and lateral compartment joint loading during gait following total knee arthroplasty.Gait & posture · 2025Article
- How peak knee loads are affected by changing the mass of lower-limb body segments during walking.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- [Difference of compensatory mechanisms in bilateral knee osteoarthritis patients of varying severity].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2025Article
- Combined hamstrings lengthening and patellar tendon retensioning for neurogenic knee flexion in spastic diplegia.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2025Article
60 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Crouch gait, a common walking pattern in individuals with cerebral palsy, is characterized by excessive flexion of the hip and knee. Many subjects with crouch gait experience knee pain, perhaps because of elevated muscle forces and joint loading. The goal of this study was to examine how muscle forces and compressive tibiofemoral force change with the increasing knee flexion associated with crouch gait. Muscle forces and tibiofemoral force were estimated for three unimpaired children and nine children with cerebral palsy who walked with varying degrees of knee flexion. We scaled a generic musculoskeletal model to each subject and used the model to estimate muscle forces and compressive tibiofemoral forces during walking. Mild crouch gait (minimum knee flexion 20-35°) produced a peak compressive tibiofemoral force similar to unimpaired walking; however, severe crouch gait (minimum knee flexion>50°) increased the peak force to greater than 6 times body-weight, more than double the load experienced during unimpaired gait. This increase in compressive tibiofemoral force was primarily due to increases in quadriceps force during crouch gait, which increased quadratically with average stance phase knee flexion (i.e., crouch severity). Increased quadriceps force contributes to larger tibiofemoral and patellofemoral loading which may contribute to knee pain in individuals with crouch gait.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.