Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22201681›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2012

Genetic inactivation of IL-1 signaling enhances atherosclerotic plaque instability and reduces outward vessel remodeling in advanced atherosclerosis in mice.

Matthew R Alexander, Christopher W Moehle, Jason L Johnson, Zhengyu Yang, Jae K Lee, Christopher L Jackson, Gary K Owens

Erratum issuedOpen access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 137 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
137citing papers in PubMed
4.8field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

137 citing papers in PubMed, 217 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
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  4. The Twisted Tale of Interleukin-18 in Atherosclerosis.JACC. Basic to translational science · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
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  8. Whys and Wherefores of Coronary Arterial Positive Remodeling.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2024
    Review
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  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
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  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

77 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Matthew R AlexanderDepartment of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA.
Christopher W Moehle
Jason L Johnson
Zhengyu Yang
Jae K Lee
Christopher L Jackson
Gary K Owens
University of Virginia · USNIHR Bristol Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit · GBUniversity of Bristol · GB

Funding

BASIC CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH TRAINING GRANTT32HL007284 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA CHARLOTTESVILLE · PI Brant E Isakson, Gary K Owens · 1985 to 2026
$19.6M
THE CONTRACTILE SYSTEM OF VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLEP01HL019242 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA CHARLOTTESVILLE · PI OWENS, GARY K · 1985 to 2009
$16.9M
MEDICAL SCIENTIST TRAINING PROGRAMT32GM007267 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA CHARLOTTESVILLE · PI GARCIA-BLANCO, MARIANO A. · 1985 to 2024
$13.4M
MOLECULAR REGULATION OF SMOOTH MUSCLE DIFFERENTIATIONR01HL038854 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA CHARLOTTESVILLE · PI OWENS, GARY K · 1987 to 2010
$3.7M
Epigenetic Control of Smooth Muscle Cell Lineage and Phenotypic SwitchingR01HL057353 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI OWENS, GARY K · 2008 to 2016
$3.5M
British Heart Foundation FS/07/053/24069British Heart Foundation PG/10/015/28232NHLBI NIH HHS 5T32-HL007284NHLBI NIH HHS P01 HL019242NHLBI NIH HHS P01 HL19242NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL038854NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL057353NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL38854NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL57353NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL007284NIGMS NIH HHS 5T32GM007267-26NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007267
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Clinical complications of atherosclerosis arise primarily as a result of luminal obstruction due to atherosclerotic plaque growth, with inadequate outward vessel remodeling and plaque destabilization leading to rupture. IL-1 is a proinflammatory cytokine that promotes atherogenesis in animal models, but its role in plaque destabilization and outward vessel remodeling is unclear. The studies presented herein show that advanced atherosclerotic plaques in mice lacking both IL-1 receptor type I and apolipoprotein E (Il1r1⁻/⁻Apoe⁻/⁻ mice) unexpectedly exhibited multiple features of plaque instability as compared with those of Il1r1⁺/⁺Apoe⁻/⁻ mice. These features included reduced plaque SMC content and coverage, reduced plaque collagen content, and increased intraplaque hemorrhage. In addition, the brachiocephalic arteries of Il1r1⁻/⁻Apoe⁻/⁻ mice exhibited no difference in plaque size, but reduced vessel area and lumen size relative to controls, demonstrating a reduction in outward vessel remodeling. Interestingly, expression of MMP3 was dramatically reduced within the plaque and vessel wall of Il1r1⁻/⁻Apoe⁻/⁻ mice, and Mmp3⁻/⁻Apoe⁻/⁻ mice showed defective outward vessel remodeling compared with controls. In addition, MMP3 was required for IL-1-induced SMC invasion of Matrigel in vitro. Taken together, these results show that IL-1 signaling plays a surprising dual protective role in advanced atherosclerosis by promoting outward vessel remodeling and enhancing features of plaque stability, at least in part through MMP3-dependent mechanisms.

Indexed as

AnimalsAortaApolipoproteins EArteriesFemaleInflammation MediatorsInterleukin-1Matrix Metalloproteinase 3MiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutMyocytes, Smooth MusclePlaque, AtheroscleroticReceptors, Interleukin-1 Type ISignal TransductionApolipoproteins EInflammation MediatorsInterleukin-1Matrix Metalloproteinase 3Mmp3 protein, mouseReceptors, Interleukin-1 Type I

Identifiers

PMID22201681
PMCPMC3248279
OpenAlexW2126978153

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.