Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22198316›Full record

ArticleAIDS and behavior2013

The role of trust in delayed HIV diagnosis in a diverse, urban population.

James L Graham, Richard M Grimes, Jacquelyn Slomka, Michael Ross, Lu-Yu Hwang, Thomas P Giordano

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in AIDS and behavior, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 37% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Medical Mistrust: A Concept Analysis.Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) · 2025
    Review
  3. COVID-19 health practices and attitudes in the United States: the role of trust in healthcare.Zeitschrift fur Gesundheitswissenschaften = Journal of public health · 2022
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. A Rapid Review of Disparities in HIV Prevention and Care Outcomes Among Hispanic/Latino Men Who Have Sex With Men in the United States.AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education · 2021
    Review
  7. Influences of Animal-Assisted Therapy on Episodic Memory in Patients with Acquired Brain Injuries.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Observational
  10. Article
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

James L GrahamLegacy Community Health Services, Houston, TX, USA.
Richard M Grimes
Jacquelyn Slomka
Michael Ross
Lu-Yu Hwang
Thomas P Giordano
The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston · USLegacy Community Health Services · USMichael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center · US

Funding

Virology CoreP30AI036211 · NIAID · BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE · PI BUTEL, JANET S · 1994 to 2015
$21.7M
Patient Awareness and Consumer Education Research Cente*U18HS016093 · AHRQ · UNIVERSITY OF TX MD ANDERSON CAN CTR · PI SUAREZ-ALMAZOR, MARIA E · 2006 to 2010
$4.0M
Attitudes and Beliefs and the Steps of HIV CareR34MH074360 · NIMH · BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE · PI GIORDANO, THOMAS P · 2006 to 2008
$661k
AHRQ HHS U18 HS016093AHRQ HHS U18HS016093NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI036211NIAID NIH HHS P30AI036211NIMH NIH HHS R34 MH074360NIMH NIH HHS R34MH074360
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Delayed diagnosis of HIV infection is a common problem. We hypothesized that persons with less trust in physicians and in the healthcare system would be diagnosed with lower CD4 cell counts than persons with more trust because they would delay seeking healthcare. From January 2006 to October 2007, 171 newly diagnosed HIV-infected persons, not yet in HIV primary care, were recruited from HIV testing sites in Houston, Texas, that primarily serve the under- and un-insured. The participants completed instruments measuring trust in physicians and trust in the healthcare system. Initial CD4 cell counts were obtained from medical record review. Mean trust scores for participants with CD4 cell counts ≥200 cells/mm(3) were compared with scores from participants with CD4 cell counts <200 cells/mm(3). We found that 51% of the cohort was diagnosed with a CD4 cell count <200 cells/mm(3). Neither trust in physicians nor trust in the healthcare system was an independent predictor of delayed diagnosis of HIV infection. In multivariate analysis, men who have sex with men and injection drug users were more likely to have early HIV diagnosis. Race/ethnicity was the only variable statistically significantly predictive of trust in physicians and in the healthcare system. Hispanics had the highest trust scores, followed by Blacks and Whites. Low trust is likely not a barrier to timely diagnosis of HIV infection.

Indexed as

Delayed DiagnosisHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticePhysician-Patient RelationsTrustAdolescentAdultCD4 Lymphocyte CountEthnicityFemaleHealth Care SurveysHIV InfectionsHumansLinear ModelsMaleMiddle AgedPatient Acceptance of Health Care

Identifiers

PMID22198316
PMCPMC3653031
OpenAlexW2029939454

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.