ReviewMolecular and cellular endocrinology2012
The biology of progesterone receptor in the normal mammary gland and in breast cancer.
Review in Molecular and cellular endocrinology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers.
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Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 187 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeting Estrogen Receptor for Breast Cancer.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Nucleic sexual hormone receptor signaling pathways in breast cancer: function regulation, crosstalk, and therapeutic implications.NPJ precision oncology · 2026Review
- Single cell RNA-sequencing reveals that testosterone reduces estrogen signaling in the healthy human mammary gland.Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia · 2026Article
- Single cell RNA-sequencing reveals an association between testosterone treatment and reduced hormone signaling in the human mammary gland.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Clinical implications of taurine in breast cancer.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Review
- Maf1 cooperates with progesterone receptor to repress RNA polymerase III transcription of select tRNAs.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Structural proteomics defines a sequential priming mechanism for the progesterone receptor.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Manganese-induced Precocious Puberty Alters Mammary Epithelial Cell Proliferation in Female Rats.Endocrinology · 2025Article
- Methods and Models in Mammary Gland Biology and Breast Cancer Research.Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia · 2025Article
- SUMOylation-related genes define prognostic subtypes in stomach adenocarcinoma: integrating single-cell analysis and machine learning analyses.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Prognostic role of Androgen Receptor splice variant 7 (AR-V7) in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.BMC cancer · 2024Article
- MIMR: Development of a Web-Based System for miRNA and mRNA Integrated Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Progesterone modulates cell growth via integrin αvβ3-dependent pathway in progesterone receptor-negative MDA-MB-231 cells.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Article
- An Updated Insight into Phytomolecules and Novel Approaches used in the Management of Breast Cancer.Current drug targets · 2024Review
- Estrogen-Receptor-Low-Positive Breast Cancer: Pathological and Clinical Perspectives.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2023Review
- Evaluating the neuroprotective effects of progesterone receptors on experimental traumatic brain injury: The PI3K/Akt pathway.Brain and behavior · 2023Article
- The effects of progesterone on immune cellular function at the maternal-fetal interface and in maternal circulation.The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology · 2023Review
- Promote Community Engagement in Participatory Research for Improving Breast Cancer Prevention: The P.I.N.K. Study Framework.Cancers · 2022Article
- Zinc's Association with the CmPn/CmP Signaling Network in Breast Cancer Tumorigenesis.Biomolecules · 2022Review
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
This paper reviews work on progesterone and the progesterone receptor (PR) in the mouse mammary gland that has been used extensively as an experimental model. Studies have led to the concept that progesterone controls proliferation and morphogenesis of the luminal epithelium in a tightly orchestrated manner at distinct stages of development by paracrine signaling pathways, including receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) as a major paracrine factor. Progesterone also drives expansion of stem cells by paracrine signals to generate progenitors required for alveologenesis. During mid-to-late pregnancy, progesterone has another role to suppress secretory activation until parturition mediated in part by crosstalk between PR and prolactin/Stat5 signaling to inhibit induction of milk protein gene expression, and by inhibiting tight junction closure. In models of hormone-dependent mouse mammary tumors, the progesterone/PR signaling axis enhances pre-neoplastic progression by a switch from a paracrine to an autocrine mode of proliferation and dysregulation of the RANKL signaling pathway. Limited experiments with normal human breast show that progesterone/PR signaling also stimulates epithelial cell proliferation by a paracrine mechanism; however, the signaling pathways and whether RANKL is a major mediator remains unknown. Work with human breast cancer cell lines, patient tumor samples and clinical studies indicates that progesterone is a risk factor for breast cancer and that alteration in progesterone/PR signaling pathways contributes to early stage human breast cancer progression. However, loss of PR expression in primary tumors is associated with a less differentiated more invasive phenotype and worse prognosis, suggesting that PR may limit later stages of tumor progression.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.