ReviewClinical & developmental immunology2011
Antitumor immunity produced by the liver Kupffer cells, NK cells, NKT cells, and CD8 CD122 T cells.
Review in Clinical & developmental immunology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between hepatitis B virus infection and colorectal liver metastasis: a meta-analysis.Bioengineered · 2021Pooled it
- Immunological mechanisms and novel therapeutic strategies for sepsis‑associated acute kidney injury (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- PRL-3 up-regulates exosomal ITGαvβ5 expression to promote liver pre-metastatic niche formation and colon cancer liver metastasis.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2026Article
- New insights into combined immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma associated with liver cirrhosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Mechanism of bufalin inhibition of colon cancer liver metastasis by regulating M2-type polarization of Kupffer cells induced by highly metastatic colon cancer cells.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2024Article
- Involvement of Innate Immune System in the Pathogenesis of Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- scRNA-Seq and imaging mass cytometry analyses unveil iNKT cells-mediated anti-tumor immunity in pancreatic cancer liver metastasis.Cancer letters · 2023Article
- Toxoplasma gondii-derived antigen modifies tumor microenvironment of Ehrlich solid carcinoma murine model and enhances immunotherapeutic activity of cyclophosphamide.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2023Article
- Review
- New insights into iNKT cells and their roles in liver diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Infections, Reactions of Natural Killer T Cells and Natural Killer Cells, and Kidney Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Liver X receptors regulate natural killer T cell population and antitumor activity in the liver of mice.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Liver Immune Microenvironment and Metastasis from Colorectal Cancer-Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Perspectives.Cancers · 2021Review
- Changes in and effects of Kupffer cells on residual tumor after cryoablation in rabbit hepatic VX2 tumor.International journal of clinical and experimental pathology · 2021Article
- Hepatic Stellate Cell-Macrophage Crosstalk in Liver Fibrosis and Carcinogenesis.Seminars in liver disease · 2020Review
- Liver Tropism in Cancer: The Hepatic Metastatic Niche.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2020Review
- Liver X Receptors Regulate Cholesterol Metabolism and Immunity in Hepatic Nonparenchymal Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Liver Macrophages: Old Dogmas and New Insights.Hepatology communications · 2019Review
- Roles of Natural Killer T Cells and Natural Killer Cells in Kidney Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection Impairs M1 Macrophage Differentiation and Contributes to CD8Cells · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mouse and human livers contain innate immune leukocytes, NK cells, NKT cells, and macrophage-lineage Kupffer cells. Various bacterial components, including Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands and an NKT cell ligand (α-galactocylceramide), activate liver Kupffer cells, which produce IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, and TNF. IL-12 activates hepatic NK cells and NKT cells to produce IFN-γ, which further activates hepatic T cells, in turn activating phagocytosis and cytokine production by Kupffer cells in a positive feedback loop. These immunological events are essentially evoked to protect the host from bacterial and viral infections; however, these events also contribute to antitumor and antimetastatic immunity in the liver by activated liver NK cells and NKT cells. Bystander CD8(+)CD122(+) T cells, and tumor-specific memory CD8(+)T cells, are also induced in the liver by α-galactocylceramide. Furthermore, adoptive transfer experiments have revealed that activated liver lymphocytes may migrate to other organs to inhibit tumor growth, such as the lungs and kidneys. The immunological mechanism underlying the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic livers in hepatitis C patients and liver innate immunity as a double-edged sword (hepatocyte injury/regeneration, septic shock, autoimmune disease, etc.) are also discussed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.