Trial reportRheumatology international2012
Calcium and vitamin D supplementation and incident rheumatoid arthritis: the Women's Health Initiative Calcium plus Vitamin D trial.
Trial report in Rheumatology international, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin, antioxidant and micronutrient supplementation and the risk of developing incident autoimmune diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Guideline
- Serum Vitamin D Level and Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity: Review and Meta-Analysis.PloS one · 2016Pooled it
- Association between work physical activity, dietary factors, and risk of rheumatoid arthritis.Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism · 2022Article
- The Effects of Vitamin D on Immune System and Inflammatory Diseases.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Etiology and Risk Factors for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A State-of-the-Art Review.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
- Risk Factors for Developing Rheumatoid Arthritis in Patients With Undifferentiated Arthritis and Inflammatory Arthralgia.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
- Dietary Habits and Nutrition in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Can Diet Influence Disease Development and Clinical Manifestations?Nutrients · 2020Review
- The Role of Vitamin D in Combination Treatment for Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis.Frontiers in medicine · 2020Article
- Article
- Vitamin D: A Narrative Review Examining the Evidence for Ten Beliefs.Journal of general internal medicine · 2016Review
- Vitamin D in rheumatoid arthritis-towards clinical application.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2016Review
- Low vitamin D level is not associated with increased incidence of rheumatoid arthritis.Rheumatology international · 2014Article
- An integrated approach to defining genetic and environmental determinants for major clinical outcomes involving vitamin D.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2014Review
- Vitamin D Levels Are Associated with Expression of SLE, but Not Flare Frequency.International journal of rheumatology · 2014Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 10 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
To determine whether calcium plus vitamin D supplementation (CaD) affects incidence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Participants enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative CaD trial (n = 36,282) were randomized to 1,000 mg calcium carbonate plus 400 IU of vitamin D(3) daily or to placebo. Incident RA cases were identified via self-report and validated rheumatic medication use. Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare RA incidence in the treatment versus placebo groups. The analysis included 32,435 women without the history of RA, of which 163 incident RA cases were identified over an average of 5.1 years. No significant differences in demographics, total personal vitamin D intake [P = 0.36], or solar irradiance [P = 0.68] were seen between the groups. In intention-to-treat analyses, no differences were observed in RA incidence [HR 1.04, 95% CI 0.76, 1.41]. No significant modifying effects were seen for stratum of age, solar irradiance, or total vitamin D intake, overall or when adjusted for adherence. Significant effect modifications were seen between CaD and total vitamin D intake and CaD and solar irradiance that suggest increased RA incidence with high vitamin D exposure. CaD supplementation did not demonstrate a significant effect on RA incidence in postmenopausal women. Modifying effects between CaD and both solar irradiance and dietary vitamin D intake are suggestive that multiple high vitamin D exposures may increase RA incidence. Further research is needed to fully explore the benefits and possible adverse effects of vitamin D supplementation on RA.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.