ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2012
Loop-mediated isothermal amplification compared to real-time PCR and enzyme immunoassay for toxigenic Clostridium difficile detection.
Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of Clostridioides difficile infection: An official clinical practice guideline of the Spanish Society of Chemotherapy (SEQ), Spanish Society of Internal Medicine (SEMI) and the working group of Postoperative Infection of the Spanish Society of Anesthesia and Reanimation (SEDAR).Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2020Guideline
- A Laboratory Medicine Best Practices Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests (NAATs) and Algorithms Including NAATs for the Diagnosis ofClinical microbiology reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Molecular techniques for diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection: systematic review and meta-analysis.Mayo Clinic proceedings · 2012Pooled it
- Improving the Precision of Etiological Diagnosis in Bacterial Infections Using Molecular Technologies: A Comparative Analysis of Platforms, AI Integration, and Point-of-Care Deployment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Determination of the performance of a novel diagnostic test forJournal of clinical microbiology · 2025Article
- Clinical Impact of Stool Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Testing in Hospitalized Patients with Acute Diarrhea: A Retrospective Observational Study.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- The Current Knowledge onPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Establishment and evaluation of a method for efficient screening of Clostridium butyricum.Folia microbiologica · 2020Article
- Predictors of Clostridioides difficile Infection-Related Complications and Treatment Patterns among Nucleic Acid Amplification Test-Positive/Toxin Enzyme Immunoassay-Negative Patients.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2020Article
- Performance Evaluation of the Luminex Aries C. difficile Assay in Comparison to Two Other Molecular Assays within a Multihospital Health Care Center.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2019Article
- Rapid visual detection of binary toxin producingExperimental and therapeutic medicine · 2017Article
- Diagnostic accuracy of loop-mediated isothermal amplification in detection of Clostridium difficile in stool samples: a meta-analysis.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2015Review
- Multiplex Real-Time PCR Method for Simultaneous Identification and Toxigenic Type Characterization of Clostridium difficile From Stool Samples.Annals of laboratory medicine · 2015Article
- Loss of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus Fecal Dominance in an Organ Transplant Patient With Clostridium difficile Colitis After Fecal Microbiota Transplant.Open forum infectious diseases · 2015Article
- The Bristol stool scale and its relationship to Clostridium difficile infection.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2014Article
- Rapid detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae by real-time fluorescence loop-mediated isothermal amplification.Journal of thoracic disease · 2014Article
- The correlation between Clostridium-difficile infection and human gut concentrations of Bacteroidetes phylum and clostridial species.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2014Article
- Clostridium difficile Infection: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Risk Factors, and Therapeutic Options.Scientifica · 2014Review
- Detection of Streptococcus pyogenes by use of Illumigene group A Streptococcus assay.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2013Article
- Effect of nucleic acid amplification testing on population-based incidence rates of Clostridium difficile infection.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Clostridium difficile infection is the primary cause of health care-associated diarrhea. While most laboratories have been using rapid antigen tests for detecting C. difficile toxins, they have poor sensitivity; newer molecular methods offer rapid results with high test sensitivity and specificity. This study was designed to compare the performances of two molecular assays (Meridian illumigene and BD GeneOhm) and two antigen assays (Wampole Quik Chek Complete and TechLab Tox A/B II) to detect toxigenic C. difficile. Fecal specimens from hospitalized patients (n = 139) suspected of having C. difficile infection were tested by the four assays. Nine specimens were positive and 109 were negative by all four methods. After discrepant analysis by toxigenic culture (n = 21), the total numbers of stool specimens classified as positive and negative for toxigenic C. difficile were 21 (15%) and 118 (85%), respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were as follows: GeneOhm (95.2%, 100%, 100%, and 99.2%), illumigene (95.2%, 96.6%, 83.3%, and 99.2%), Tox A/B II (52.4%, 97.5%, 78.6%, and 92.4%), and Quik Chek Complete (47.6%, 100%, 100%, and 91.9%). The illumigene assay performed comparably to the GeneOhm assay with a slight decrease in test specificity; the sensitivities of both far exceeded those of the antigen assays. The clinical characteristics of the concordant and discrepant study patients were similar, including stool consistency and frequency. In the era of rapid molecular-based tests for toxigenic C. difficile, toxin enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) should no longer be considered the standard of care.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.