ReviewDigestive diseases and sciences2012
Autoantibody-negative autoimmune hepatitis.
Review in Digestive diseases and sciences, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines for diagnosis and management of autoimmune hepatitis.Gut · 2025Guideline
- KASL clinical practice guidelines for management of autoimmune hepatitis 2022.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2023Guideline
- Autoimmune hepatitis with negative antinuclear antibody and normal early-phase IgG: diagnosis supported by histology, IgG dynamics, and steroid responsiveness.Clinical journal of gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Autoantibodies in the follow-up of autoimmune hepatitis.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2026Review
- Wilson's Disease with Autoimmune Hepatitis Manifestation in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Easy recognition and high autoimmune hepatitis specificity of smooth muscle antibodies giving an actin microfilament immunofluorescent pattern on embryonal vascular smooth muscle cells.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2024Article
- Autoimmune Hepatitis: From Evolution to Current Status-A Pathologist's Perspective.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Juvenile Autoimmune Hepatitis: Recent Advances in Diagnosis, Management and Long-Term Outcome.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Seronegative autoimmune hepatitis in childhood.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2023Review
- Seronegative Autoimmune Hepatitis.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2023Review
- Expression of HLA and Autoimmune Pathway Genes in Liver Biopsies of Young Subjects With Autoimmune Hepatitis Type 1.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2022Article
- Seronegative autoimmune hepatitis in children : A real diagnostic challenge.Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2022Article
- Pathology of autoimmune hepatitis.Pathologica · 2021Review
- APECED-Associated Hepatitis: Clinical, Biochemical, Histological and Treatment Data From a Large, Predominantly American Cohort.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2021Article
- Liraglutide-Induced Hepatotoxicity.Biomedicines · 2021Article
- IgG4-associated autoimmune hepatitis and cholangitis: A relatively novel entity to consider in cases of seronegative autoimmune hepatitis.Canadian liver journal · 2021Article
- It Ain't Over Till It's Over.Clinical liver disease · 2020Review
- Anti-nuclear antibody-negative immunoglobulin G4-associated autoimmune hepatitis mimicking lymphoproliferative disorders.Yeungnam University journal of medicine · 2020Article
- Autoimmune Hepatitis: Surviving Crises of Doubt and Elimination.Clinical liver disease · 2020Review
- Explant liver evaluation decodes the mystery of cryptogenic cirrhosis!JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis has a variable clinical phenotype, and the absence of conventional autoantibodies does not preclude its diagnosis or need for treatment. The goals of this review are to describe the frequency and nature of autoantibody-negative autoimmune hepatitis, indicate its outcome after corticosteroid treatment, and increase awareness of the diagnosis in patients with unexplained acute and chronic hepatitis. The frequency of presumed autoantibody-negative autoimmune hepatitis in patients with acute and acute severe presentations is ≤7%, and its frequency in patients with chronic presentations is 1-34%. Patients with acute presentations can have normal serum γ-globulin levels, centrilobular zone 3 necrosis, and low pre-treatment international diagnostic scores. Liver tissue examination is essential for the diagnosis, and hepatic steatosis can be a co-morbid feature. The comprehensive international scoring system can support but never override the clinical diagnosis pre-treatment, and non-standard serological markers should be sought if the clinical diagnosis is uncertain or the diagnostic score is low. A 3-month treatment trial with corticosteroids should be considered in all patients, regardless of the serological findings, and improvements have occurred in 67-87% of cases. Autoantibody-negative autoimmune hepatitis may be associated with an autoantibody outside the conventional battery; it may have a signature autoantibody that is still undiscovered, or its characteristic autoantibodies may have been suppressed or have a delayed expression. The pathogenic mechanisms are presumed to be identical to those of classical disease. Autoantibody-negative autoimmune hepatitis is an infrequent but treatable disease that must be considered in unexplained acute and chronic hepatitis.
Indexed as
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.