ArticleTobacco control2013
High youth access to movies that contain smoking in Europe compared with the USA.
Article in Tobacco control, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Smoking in Popular Streaming Shows and Youth Protection in Germany.Journal of community health · 2024Article
- Exposure to tobacco in video games and smoking among gamers in Argentina.Tobacco control · 2019Article
- Movies promote tobacco use amongst adolescents: The need for policies to prevent this phenomenon.Revista de la Asociacion Medica Argentina · 2018Article
- Exposure of Secondary School Adolescents from Argentina and Mexico to Smoking Scenes in Movies: a Population-based Estimation.Revista argentina de cardiologia · 2016Article
- Are movies with tobacco, alcohol, drugs, sex, and violence rated for youth? A comparison of rating systems in Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, and the United States.The International journal on drug policy · 2014Article
- Smoking in movies and adolescent smoking initiation: longitudinal study in six European countries.American journal of preventive medicine · 2013Article
- Time trends for tobacco and alcohol use in youth-rated films popular in Mexico and Argentina, from 2004-2012.Salud publica de MexicoArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBased on evidence that exposure to smoking in movies is associated with adolescent smoking, the WHO has called on countries to assign a rating that restricts youth access to such movies.
objectiveTo evaluate youth access to movies that portray smoking in European countries and compare with that in the USA.
methodsThe authors identified the most commercially successful movies screened in six European countries (Germany, Iceland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland and UK) and the USA between 2004 and 2009. The authors coded the 464 movies that were screened in both Europe and the USA according to whether or not they portrayed smoking.
results87% of the movies were 'youth' rated in Europe (ratings board classification as suitable for those younger than 16 years) compared to only 67% in the USA (suitable for those younger than 17 years). Smoking was portrayed in 319 (69%) movies. 85% of the movies that portrayed smoking were 'youth' rated in Europe compared with only 59% in the USA (p<0.001).
conclusionsTobacco imagery is still common in popular films shown in European countries and the USA. None of the seven countries examined followed the WHO recommendations on restricting youth access to movies that portray smoking. Compared to the USA, European youths have access to substantially more movies in general, and this gives them access to more movies that portray smoking in particular.
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Registered trials
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