ArticleAntiviral research2012
Inhibition of cowpox virus and monkeypox virus infection by mitoxantrone.
Article in Antiviral research, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanism-informed identification of FDA-approved topoisomerase inhibitors disrupting SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid-RNA interactions.BMC chemistry · 2025Article
- A review of Mpox: Biological characteristics, epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies.Exploration (Beijing, China) · 2025Review
- Variola Virus and Clade I Mpox Virus Differentially Modulate Cellular Responses Longitudinally in Monocytes During Infection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Current Status of Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Therapeutics, and Vaccines for the Re-Emerging Human Monkeypox Virus.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2023Review
- Review
- Monkeypox Virus Infections in Humans.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2022Review
- Computational Repurposing of Mitoxantrone-Related Structures against Monkeypox Virus: A Molecular Docking and 3D Pharmacophore Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Monkeypox: Some Keys to Understand This Emerging Disease.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Review
- SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein interacts with immunoregulators and stress granules and phase separates to form liquid droplets.FEBS letters · 2021Article
- Antivirals in medical biodefense.Virus genes · 2020Review
- Orthopoxvirus inhibitors that are active in animal models: an update from 2008 to 2012.Future virology · 2013Article
- [Translated article] RF - Potential Treatments for Monkeypox.Actas dermo-sifiliograficasArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Mitoxantrone, an FDA-approved therapeutic for the treatment of cancer and multiple sclerosis, was previously reported to exhibit antiviral activity against vaccinia virus. To determine whether this activity extends to other orthopoxviruses, mitoxantrone was tested against cowpox and monkeypox. Mitoxantrone demonstrated an EC(50) of 0.25 μM against cowpox and 0.8 μM against monkeypox. Intraperitoneal treatment of cowpox virus-challenged C57Bl/6 mice with 0.5 mg/kg mitoxantrone resulted in 25% survival and a significant increase in survival time. In an effort to improve its efficacy, mitoxantrone was tested for synergistic activity with cidofovir. In vitro tests demonstrated significant synergy between the two drugs against cowpox; however, no synergistic effect on animal survival or median time-to-death was seen in intranasally-infected BALB/c mice. Significantly fewer animals survived when treated with a combination of 0.5 mg/kg mitoxantrone and 100 mg/kg cidofovir than with 100 mg/kg cidofovir alone. This is, to our knowledge, the first report of limited anti-orthopoxvirus activity by mitoxantrone in an animal model.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.