ArticleNucleic acids research2012
Expression optimization and synthetic gene networks in cell-free systems.
Article in Nucleic acids research, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed.
- A synthetic cell with integrated DNA self-replication and lipid biosynthesis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Genetically Encoded Control ofACS synthetic biology · 2025Article
- Innovations, Challenges and Future Directions of T7RNA Polymerase in Microbial Cell Factories.ACS synthetic biology · 2025Review
- Cell-free expression system: a promising platform for bacteriophage production and engineering.Microbial cell factories · 2025Review
- Cell-Free Gene Expression: Methods and Applications.Chemical reviews · 2025Review
- Regulatory Components for Bacterial Cell-Free Systems Engineering.ACS synthetic biology · 2024Review
- Profiling expression strategies for a type III polyketide synthase in a lysate-based, cell-free system.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Circular single-stranded DNA as a programmable vector for gene regulation in cell-free protein expression systems.Nature communications · 2024Article
- At-Home, Cell-Free Synthetic Biology Education Modules for Transcriptional Regulation and Environmental Water Quality Monitoring.ACS synthetic biology · 2023Article
- At-home, cell-free synthetic biology education modules for transcriptional regulation and environmental water quality monitoring.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- What remains from living cells in bacterial lysate-based cell-free systems.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2023Review
- Solid-Phase Cell-Free Protein Synthesis and Its Applications in Biotechnology.Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology · 2023Article
- Characterizing a New Fluorescent Protein for a Low Limit of Detection Sensing in the Cell-Free System.ACS synthetic biology · 2022Article
- Synthetic cell-based materials extract positional information from morphogen gradients.Science advances · 2022Article
- Robotic automation of droplet microfluidics.Biomicrofluidics · 2022Article
- A glucose meter interface for point-of-care gene circuit-based diagnostics.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Physical stimuli-responsive cell-free protein synthesis.Synthetic and systems biotechnology · 2020Article
- Cell-free biology using remote-controlled digital microfluidics for individual droplet control.RSC advances · 2020Article
- Design and Optimization of a Cell-Free Atrazine Biosensor.ACS synthetic biology · 2020Article
- Cell-free gene expression: an expanded repertoire of applications.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Synthetic biology offers great promise to a variety of applications through the forward engineering of biological function. Most efforts in this field have focused on employing living cells, yet cell-free approaches offer simpler and more flexible contexts. Here, we evaluate cell-free regulatory systems based on T7 promoter-driven expression by characterizing variants of TetR and LacI repressible T7 promoters in a cell-free context and examining sequence elements that determine expression efficiency. Using the resulting constructs, we then explore different approaches for composing regulatory systems, leading to the implementation of inducible negative feedback in Escherichia coli extracts and in the minimal PURE system, which consists of purified proteins necessary for transcription and translation. Despite the fact that negative feedback motifs are common and essential to many natural and engineered systems, this simple building block has not previously been implemented in a cell-free context. As a final step, we then demonstrate that the feedback systems developed using our cell-free approach can be implemented in live E. coli as well, illustrating the potential for using cell-free expression to fast track the development of live cell systems in synthetic biology. Our quantitative cell-free component characterizations and demonstration of negative feedback embody important steps on the path to harnessing biological function in a bottom-up fashion.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.