ArticlePloS one2011
Beyond bacteria: a study of the enteric microbial consortium in extremely low birth weight infants.
Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers.
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Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advancing Yeast Identification Using High-Throughput DNA Barcode Data From a Curated Culture Collection.Molecular ecology resources · 2026Article
- The Gut Mycobiome for Precision Medicine.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The mycobiome in human cancer: analytical challenges, molecular mechanisms, and therapeutic implications.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Wide use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in very low birth weight infants with spontaneous focal intestinal perforation-is it really justified?Infection · 2024Article
- Microbiota and Lipotoxicity.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Review
- Superior performance of biofilm versus planktonic Limosilactobacillus reuteri in protection of the intestines and brain in a piglet model of necrotizing enterocolitis.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- [Alterations in the intestinal microbiota of preterm infants with neurodevelopmental impairments: a prospective cohort study].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2023Article
- The Nonbacterial Microbiome: Fungal and Viral Contributions to the Preterm Infant Gut in Health and Disease.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Effects of Sepsis on Immune Response, Microbiome and Oxidative Metabolism in Preterm Infants.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Article
- "Molding" immunity-modulation of mucosal and systemic immunity by the intestinal mycobiome in health and disease.Mucosal immunology · 2022Review
- Clinical implications of preterm infant gut microbiome development.Nature microbiology · 2022Article
- The first fungi: mode of delivery determines early life fungal colonization in the intestine of preterm infants.Microbiome research reports · 2022Article
- New Insights Into Microbiota Modulation-Based Nutritional Interventions for Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Preterm Infants.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Long-term stability of microbiome diversity and composition in fecal samples stored in eNAT medium.MicrobiologyOpen · 2020Article
- Case report: nosocomial fungemia caused by Candida diddensiae.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Contrasting Strategies: Human Eukaryotic Versus Bacterial Microbiome Research.The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology · 2020Review
- Mycobiome in the Gut: A Multiperspective Review.Mediators of inflammation · 2020Review
- Article
- Gut Colonization Preceding Mucosal Barrier Injury Bloodstream Infection in Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Recipients.Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation · 2019Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants have high morbidity and mortality, frequently due to invasive infections from bacteria, fungi, and viruses. The microbial communities present in the gastrointestinal tracts of preterm infants may serve as a reservoir for invasive organisms and remain poorly characterized. We used deep pyrosequencing to examine the gut-associated microbiome of 11 ELBW infants in the first postnatal month, with a first time determination of the eukaryote microbiota such as fungi and nematodes, including bacteria and viruses that have not been previously described. Among the fungi observed, Candida sp. and Clavispora sp. dominated the sequences, but a range of environmental molds were also observed. Surprisingly, seventy-one percent of the infant fecal samples tested contained ribosomal sequences corresponding to the parasitic organism Trichinella. Ribosomal DNA sequences for the roundworm symbiont Xenorhabdus accompanied these sequences in the infant with the greatest proportion of Trichinella sequences. When examining ribosomal DNA sequences in aggregate, Enterobacteriales, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, and Enterococcus were the most abundant bacterial taxa in a low diversity bacterial community (mean Shannon-Weaver Index of 1.02 ± 0.69), with relatively little change within individual infants through time. To supplement the ribosomal sequence data, shotgun sequencing was performed on DNA from multiple displacement amplification (MDA) of total fecal genomic DNA from two infants. In addition to the organisms mentioned previously, the metagenome also revealed sequences for gram positive and gram negative bacteriophages, as well as human adenovirus C. Together, these data reveal surprising eukaryotic and viral microbial diversity in ELBW enteric microbiota dominated bytypes of bacteria known to cause invasive disease in these infants.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.