Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22170919›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2012

Clinical validation of multiplex real-time PCR assays for detection of bacterial meningitis pathogens.

Xin Wang, M Jordan Theodore, Raydel Mair, Elizabeth Trujillo-Lopez, Mignon du Plessis, Nicole Wolter, Andrew L Baughman, Cynthia Hatcher, Jeni Vuong, Lisa Lott and 5 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
73citing papers in PubMed
6.0field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

73 citing papers in PubMed, 145 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  4. A novel real-time PCR assay for the simultaneous detection of the four main causes of bacterial meningitis.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
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  7. Progression of antibiotic resistance inClinical microbiology reviews · 2025
    Review
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  13. Tracing the Negative Results of Multiplex Real-Time PCR Assay for Diagnosis of Bacterial Pediatrics Meningitis.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2023
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13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Xin WangDivision of Bacterial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. xwang2@cdc.gov
M Jordan Theodore
Raydel Mair
Elizabeth Trujillo-Lopez
Mignon du Plessis
Nicole Wolter
Andrew L Baughman
Cynthia Hatcher
Jeni Vuong
Lisa Lott
Anne von Gottberg
Claudio Sacchi
J Matthew McDonald
Nancy E Messonnier
Leonard W Mayer
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention · USJoint Base San Antonio · USNational Institute for Communicable DiseasesInstituto Adolfo Lutz · BR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, and Streptococcus pneumoniae are important causes of meningitis and other infections, and rapid, sensitive, and specific laboratory assays are critical for effective public health interventions. Singleplex real-time PCR assays have been developed to detect N. meningitidis ctrA, H. influenzae hpd, and S. pneumoniae lytA and serogroup-specific genes in the cap locus for N. meningitidis serogroups A, B, C, W135, X, and Y. However, the assay sensitivity for serogroups B, W135, and Y is low. We aimed to improve assay sensitivity and develop multiplex assays to reduce time and cost. New singleplex real-time PCR assays for serogroup B synD, W135 synG, and Y synF showed 100% specificity for detecting N. meningitidis species, with high sensitivity (serogroup B synD, 99% [75/76]; W135 synG, 97% [38/39]; and Y synF, 100% [66/66]). The lower limits of detection (LLD) were 9, 43, and 10 copies/reaction for serogroup B synD, W135 synG, and Y synF assays, respectively, a significant improvement compared to results for the previous singleplex assays. We developed three multiplex real-time PCR assays for detection of (i) N. meningitidis ctrA, H. influenzae hpd, and S. pneumoniae lytA (NHS assay); (ii) N. meningitidis serogroups A, W135, and X (AWX assay); and (iii) N. meningitidis serogroups B, C, and Y (BCY assay). Each multiplex assay was 100% specific for detecting its target organisms or serogroups, and the LLD was similar to that for the singleplex assay. Pairwise comparison of real-time PCR between multiplex and singleplex assays showed that cycle threshold values of the multiplex assay were similar to those for the singleplex assay. There were no substantial differences in sensitivity and specificity between these multiplex and singleplex real-time PCR assays.

Indexed as

Haemophilus influenzaeHumansMeningitis, BacterialMultiplex Polymerase Chain ReactionNeisseria meningitidisReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionSensitivity and SpecificityStreptococcus pneumoniae

Identifiers

PMID22170919
PMCPMC3295090
OpenAlexW2001966298

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.