Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22167460›Full record

ArticleClinical and experimental nephrology2012

Cost-effectiveness of chronic kidney disease mass screening test in Japan.

Masahide Kondo, Kunihiro Yamagata, Shu-ling Hoshi, Chie Saito, Koichi Asahi, Toshiki Moriyama, Kazuhiko Tsuruya, Hideaki Yoshida, Kunitoshi Iseki, Tsuyoshi Watanabe

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical and experimental nephrology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
53citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

53 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Maintenance Dialysis throughout the World in Years 1990 and 2010.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2015
    Pooled it
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  16. Cost-Effectiveness of Empagliflozin in CKD with or without Albuminuria.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Masahide KondoDepartment of Health Care Policy and Management, Graduate School of Comprehensive Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan. mkondo@md.tsukuba.ac.jp
Kunihiro Yamagata
Shu-ling Hoshi
Chie Saito
Koichi Asahi
Toshiki Moriyama
Kazuhiko Tsuruya
Hideaki Yoshida
Kunitoshi Iseki
Tsuyoshi Watanabe

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant public health problem. Strategy for its early detection is still controversial. This study aims to assess the cost-effectiveness of population strategy, i.e. mass screening, and Japan's health checkup reform.

methodsCost-effectiveness analysis was carried out to compare test modalities in the context of reforming Japan's mandatory annual health checkup for adults. A decision tree and Markov model with societal perspective were constructed to compare dipstick test to check proteinuria only, serum creatinine (Cr) assay only, or both.

resultsIncremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) of mass screening compared with do-nothing were calculated as ¥1,139,399/QALY (US $12,660/QALY) for dipstick test only, ¥8,122,492/QALY (US $90,250/QALY) for serum Cr assay only and ¥8,235,431/QALY (US $91,505/QALY) for both. ICERs associated with the reform were calculated as ¥9,325,663/QALY (US $103,618/QALY) for mandating serum Cr assay in addition to the currently used mandatory dipstick test, and ¥9,001,414/QALY (US $100,016/QALY) for mandating serum Cr assay and applying dipstick test at discretion.

conclusionsTaking a threshold to judge cost-effectiveness according to World Health Organization's recommendation, i.e. three times gross domestic product per capita of ¥11.5 million/QALY (US $128 thousand/QALY), a policy that mandates serum Cr assay is cost-effective. The choice of continuing the current policy which mandates dipstick test only is also cost-effective. Our results suggest that a population strategy for CKD detection such as mass screening using dipstick test and/or serum Cr assay can be justified as an efficient use of health care resources in a population with high prevalence of the disease such as in Japan and Asian countries.

Indexed as

AdultCost-Benefit AnalysisCreatinineDecision TreesHumansJapanMass ScreeningProteinuriaQuality-Adjusted Life YearsQuality of LifeRenal Insufficiency, ChronicCreatinine

Identifiers

PMID22167460
PMCPMC3328680

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.