ArticleJournal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology
Temporal variability in urinary concentrations of perchlorate, nitrate, thiocyanate and iodide among children.
Article in Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations between exposure to sodium/iodide symporter inhibitors and markers of thyroid function: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Chemosphere · 2025Pooled it
- The effects of perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate on free thyroxine for potentially sensitive subpopulations of the 2001-2002 and 2007-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2014Pooled it
- Association of perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate with age-related macular degeneration in the United States.PloS one · 2025Article
- Article
- A cross sectional study of urinary phthalates, phenols and perchlorate on thyroid hormones in US adults using structural equation models (NHANES 2007-2008).Environmental research · 2018Article
- Neighborhood Factors and Urinary Metabolites of Nicotine, Phthalates, and Dichlorobenzene.Pediatrics · 2018Article
- Exposure to perchlorate, nitrate and thiocyanate, and prevalence of diabetes mellitus.International journal of epidemiology · 2017Article
- Maternal perchlorate exposure in pregnancy and altered birth outcomes.Environmental research · 2017Article
- Phenol Concentrations During Childhood and Subsequent Measures of Adiposity Among Young Girls.American journal of epidemiology · 2017Article
- Perchlorate in Water Supplies: Sources, Exposures, and Health Effects.Current environmental health reports · 2016Review
- Thyroid Hormones and Moderate Exposure to Perchlorate during Pregnancy in Women in Southern California.Environmental health perspectives · 2016Article
- Thyroid Antagonists (Perchlorate, Thiocyanate, and Nitrate) and Childhood Growth in a Longitudinal Study of U.S. Girls.Environmental health perspectives · 2016Article
- Environmental perchlorate exposure: potential adverse thyroid effects.Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity · 2014Review
- Perchlorate exposure and thyroid function in ammonium perchlorate workers in Yicheng, China.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2014Article
- Article
- Urinary perchlorate as a measure of dietary and drinking water exposure in a representative sample of the United States population 2001-2008.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Perchlorate, nitrate and thiocyanate are ubiquitous in the environment, and human exposure to these chemicals is accurately measured in urine. Biomarkers of these chemicals represent a person's recent exposure, however, little is known on the temporal variability of the use of a single measurement of these biomarkers. Healthy Hispanic and Black children (6-10-year-old) donated urine samples over 6 months. To assess temporal variability, we used three statistical methods (n=29; 153 urine samples): intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), Spearman's correlation coefficient between concentrations measured at different timepoints and surrogate category analysis to assess how well tertile ranking by a single biomarker measurement represented the average concentration over 6 months. The ICC measure of reproducibility was poor (0.10-0.12) for perchlorate, nitrate and iodide; and fair for thiocyanate (0.36). The correlations for each biomarker across multiple sampling times ranged from 0.01-0.57. Surrogate analysis showed consistent results for almost every surrogate tertile. Results demonstrate fair temporal reliability in the spot urine concentrations of the three NIS inhibitors and iodide. Surrogate analysis show that single-spot urine samples reliably categorize participant's exposure providing support for the use of a single sample as an exposure measure in epidemiological studies that use relative ranking of exposure.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.