ArticleInternational journal of oncology2012
Emodin reverses gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer cells via the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in vitro.
Article in International journal of oncology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chemopreventive potential of quinones: Molecular targets and therapeutic potential.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Effect and mechanism of Emodin on mouse myeloid-derived suppressor cells.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- RETRACTION: Involvement of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Capsaicin-Induced Apoptosis of Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2026Article
- Medicago sativa Extracts Enhance the Anticancer Efficacy of GEM in PANC-1 Cells through Apoptosis Induction and BAX/BCL-2/CASP3 Expression Modulation.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2025Article
- Systems Pharmacodynamic Model of Combined Gemcitabine and Trabectedin in Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Part II: Cell Cycle, DNA Damage Response, and Apoptosis Pathways.Journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2024Article
- The application of rhubarb concoctions in traditional Chinese medicine and its compounds, processing methods, pharmacology, toxicology and clinical research.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- On-target inhibition of Cryptosporidium parvum by nitazoxanide (NTZ) and paclitaxel (PTX) validated using a novel MDR1-transgenic host cell model and algorithms to quantify the effect on the parasite target.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Advances in the treatment of pancreatic cancer with traditional Chinese medicine.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Emodin Sensitizes Cervical Cancer Cells to Vinblastine by Inducing Apoptosis and Mitotic Death.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Plants as a Source of Anticancer Agents: From Bench to Bedside.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Comparative study amongSaudi journal of biological sciences · 2022Article
- The versatile emodin: A natural easily acquired anthraquinone possesses promising anticancer properties against a variety of cancers.International journal of biological sciences · 2022Review
- Molecular mechanisms and associated cell signalling pathways underlying the anticancer properties of phytochemical compounds fromExperimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Review
- Review
- An Update of Anthraquinone Derivatives Emodin, Diacerein, and Catenarin in Diabetes.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2021Review
- Emodin-Conjugated PEGylation of FeInternational journal of nanomedicine · 2021Article
- Plant-Derived Natural Products in Cancer Research: Extraction, Mechanism of Action, and Drug Formulation.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- What we already know about rhubarb: a comprehensive review.Chinese medicine · 2020Review
- Article
- Oridonin overcomes the gemcitabine resistant PANC-1/Gem cells by regulating GST pi and LRP/1 ERK/JNK signalling.OncoTargets and therapy · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gemcitabine resistance is a common problem of pancreatic cancer chemotherapy, and how to reverse it plays an important role in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. This study investigated the effect of emodin on the gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990/Gem, and explored the potential mechanism of its action. SW1990/Gem was obtained by culture of the pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990 in vitro by intermittently increasing the concentration of gemcitabine in the culture medium for 10 months, observing the morphology using inverted microscopy. SW1990/Gem cells were pretreated with emodin (10 µM) for different periods followed by treatment with gemcitabine (20 µM) for 48 h; cell proliferation was tested by MTT assay. SW1990/Gem cells were treated by emodin with different concentrations for 48 h, cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry (FCM). The expression of gene and protein, such as MDR-1 (P-gp), NF-κB, Bcl-2, Bax, cytochrome-C (cytosol), caspase-9 and -3 were measured by RT-PCR and Western blotting. The function of P-gp in SW1990/Gem cells was checked by FCM. The results showed that the SW1990/Gem cells changed greatly in morphology and the resistance index was 48.63. Emodin promoted cell apoptosis of the gemcitabine-resistant cell line SW1990/Gem in a dose-dependent manner. Emodin enhanced the SW1990/Gem cell sensitivity to gemcitabine in a time-dependent manner. Emodin monotherapy or combination with gemcitabine both decreased the gene and protein expression levels of MDR-1 (P-gp), NF-κB and Bcl-2 and inhibited the function of P-gp, but increased the expression levels of Bax, cytochrome-C (cytosol), caspase-9 and -3, and promoted cell apoptosis. This demonstrated that emodin had a reversing effect on the gemcitabine-resistant cell line SW1990/Gem, possibly via decreasing the function of P-gp and activating the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in vitro.
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