ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2012
Regulatory T cells enhance mast cell production of IL-6 via surface-bound TGF-β.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 103 citations in OpenAlex.
- Platelet-rich plasma -mediated dual repair of immunity and barrier: an innovative hypothesis for the treatment of allergic rhinitis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Gut mucosal immune responses - Implications for celiac disease and food allergy.Seminars in immunology · 2025Review
- Revisiting regulatory T cells as modulators of innate immune response and inflammatory diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- An updated review of the immunological mechanisms of keloid scars.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Mast Cell Interaction with Foxp3Cells · 2022Article
- The role of transforming growth factor beta in thyroid autoimmunity: current knowledge and future perspectives.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2022Review
- Interplay between Mast Cells and Regulatory T Cells in Immune-Mediated Cholangiopathies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Demonstration and implications of IL-3 upregulation of CD25 expression on human mast cells.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2022Article
- Association of PTPRT mutations with immune checkpoint inhibitors response and outcome in melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer.Cancer medicine · 2022Article
- Fibroblasts and macrophages cooperate to create a pro-tumorigenic and immune resistant environment via activation of TGF-β/IL-6 pathway in neuroblastoma.Oncoimmunology · 2022Article
- The expanding impact of T-regs in the skin.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- BMP-7, MMP-9, and TGF-β tissue remodeling proteins and their correlations with interleukins 6 and 10 in chronic rhinosinusitis.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2021Observational
- Divergent Mast Cell Responses Modulate Antiviral Immunity During Influenza Virus Infection.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
- Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking-Based Analysis on Bioactive Anticoronary Heart Disease Compounds inEvidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2021Article
- Mast cells and angiogenesis in multiple sclerosis.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2020Review
- Mast Cell Biology at Molecular Level: a Comprehensive Review.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2020Review
- A high-throughput chemotaxis detection method for CCR4Journal of immunological methods · 2020Article
- Beyond IgE: Alternative Mast Cell Activation Across Different Disease States.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Antigen-Presenting Cells in Food Tolerance and Allergy.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Genetic evidence for the role of transforming growth factor-β in atopic phenotypes.Current opinion in immunology · 2019Review
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Mast cell degranulation is a hallmark of allergic reactions, but mast cells can also produce many cytokines that modulate immunity. Recently, CD25(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been shown to inhibit mast cell degranulation and anaphylaxis, but their influence on cytokine production remained unknown. In this study, we show that, rather than inhibit, Tregs actually enhance mast cell production of IL-6. We demonstrate that, whereas inhibition of degranulation was OX40/OX40 ligand dependent, enhancement of IL-6 was due to TGF-β. Interestingly, our data demonstrate that the Treg-derived TGF-β was surface-bound, because the interaction was contact dependent, and no TGF-β was detectable in the supernatant. Soluble TGF-β1 alone was sufficient to enhance mast cell IL-6 production, and these supernatants were sufficient to promote Th17 skewing, but those from Treg-mast cell cultures were not, supporting this being surface-bound TGF-β from the Tregs. Interestingly, the augmentation of IL-6 production occurred basally or in response to innate stimuli (LPS or peptidoglycan), adaptive stimuli (IgE cross-linking by specific Ag), and cytokine activation (IL-33). We demonstrate that TGF-β led to enhanced transcription and de novo synthesis of IL-6 upon activation without affecting IL-6 storage or mRNA stability. In vivo, the adoptive transfer of Tregs inhibited mast cell-dependent anaphylaxis in a model of food allergy but promoted intestinal IL-6 and IL-17 production. Consequently, our findings establish that Tregs can exert divergent influences upon mast cells, inhibiting degranulation via OX40/OX40 ligand interactions while promoting IL-6 via TGF-β.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.