Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22156418›Full record

ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2012

Molecular and histological characterization of primary (betaproteobacteria) and secondary (gammaproteobacteria) endosymbionts of three mealybug species.

Laurence N Gatehouse, Paul Sutherland, Shaun A Forgie, Ryohei Kaji, John T Christeller

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.

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  5. The Diversity of Symbiotic Systems in Scale Insects.Results and problems in cell differentiation · 2020
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  13. Repeated replacement of an intrabacterial symbiont in the tripartite nested mealybug symbiosis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Laurence N GatehousePlant and Food Research Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Laurence.Gatehouse@plantandfood.co.nz
Paul Sutherland
Shaun A Forgie
Ryohei Kaji
John T Christeller
Plant & Food Research · NZ

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Microscopic localization of endosymbiotic bacteria in three species of mealybug (Pseudococcus longispinus, the long-tailed mealybug; Pseudococcus calceolariae, the citrophilus mealybug; and Pseudococcus viburni, the obscure mealybug) showed these organisms were confined to bacteriocyte cells within a bacteriome centrally located within the hemocoel. Two species of bacteria were present, with the secondary endosymbiont, in all cases, living within the primary endosymbiont. DNA from the dissected bacteriomes of all three species of mealybug was extracted for analysis. Sequence data from selected 16S rRNA genes confirmed identification of the primary endosymbiont as "Candidatus Tremblaya princeps," a betaproteobacterium, and the secondary endosymbionts as gammaproteobacteria closely related to Sodalis glossinidius. A single 16S rRNA sequence of the primary endosymbiont was found in all individuals of each mealybug species. In contrast, the presence of multiple divergent strains of secondary endosymbionts in each individual mealybug suggests different evolutionary and transmission histories of the two endosymbionts. Mealybugs are known vectors of the plant pathogen Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3. To examine the possible role of either endosymbiont in virus transmission, an extension of the model for interaction of proteins with bacterial chaperonins, i.e., GroEL protein homologs, based on mobile-loop amino acid sequences of their GroES homologs, was developed and used for analyses of viral coat protein interactions. The data from this model are consistent with a role for the primary endosymbiont in mealybug transmission of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3.

Indexed as

SymbiosisAnimalsBetaproteobacteriaClosteroviridaeCluster AnalysisDNA, BacterialDNA, RibosomalGammaproteobacteriaHemipteraHistocytochemistryMolecular Sequence DataPhylogenyPlant DiseasesRNA, Ribosomal, 16SSequence Analysis, DNADNA, BacterialDNA, RibosomalRNA, Ribosomal, 16S

Identifiers

PMID22156418
PMCPMC3273002
OpenAlexW2079999827

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.