ArticleVirology2012
The high risk HPV16 L2 minor capsid protein has multiple transport signals that mediate its nucleocytoplasmic traffic.
Article in Virology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- The nuclear import receptor importin-7 targets HPV from the Golgi to the nucleus to promote infection.Science advances · 2025Article
- HPV16 entry requires dynein for minus-end transport and utilizes kinesin Kif11 for plus-end transport along microtubules during mitosis.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- HPV is a cargo for the COPI sorting complex during virus entry.Science advances · 2023Article
- Genetic variability in minor capsid protein (L2 gene) of human papillomavirus type 16 among Indian women.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2022Article
- HPV16 Entry into Epithelial Cells: Running a Gauntlet.Viruses · 2021Review
- Recent Advances in Our Understanding of the Infectious Entry Pathway of Human Papillomavirus Type 16.Microorganisms · 2021Review
- Article
- How non-enveloped viruses hijack host machineries to cause infection.Advances in virus research · 2019Article
- Papillomaviruses and Endocytic Trafficking.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- A central region in the minor capsid protein of papillomaviruses facilitates viral genome tethering and membrane penetration for mitotic nuclear entry.PLoS pathogens · 2017Article
- Incoming human papillomavirus 16 genome is lost in PML protein-deficient HaCaT keratinocytes.Cellular microbiology · 2017Article
- Chimeric L2-Based Virus-Like Particle (VLP) Vaccines Targeting Cutaneous Human Papillomaviruses (HPV).PloS one · 2017Article
- Furin Cleavage of L2 during Papillomavirus Infection: Minimal Dependence on Cyclophilins.Journal of virology · 2016Article
- Incoming human papillomavirus type 16 genome resides in a vesicular compartment throughout mitosis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016Article
- Nuclear entry of DNA viruses.Frontiers in microbiology · 2015Review
- Coat as a dagger: the use of capsid proteins to perforate membranes during non-enveloped DNA viruses trafficking.Viruses · 2014Review
- The nuclear retention signal of HPV16 L2 protein is essential for incoming viral genome to transverse the trans-Golgi network.Virology · 2014Article
- Concepts of papillomavirus entry into host cells.Current opinion in virology · 2014Review
- L2, the minor capsid protein of papillomavirus.Virology · 2013Review
- Host-cell factors involved in papillomavirus entry.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2012Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In this study we examined the transport signals contributing to HPV16 L2 nucleocytoplasmic traffic using confocal microscopy analysis of enhanced green fluorescent protein-L2 (EGFP-L2) fusions expressed in HeLa cells. We confirmed that both nuclear localization signals (NLSs), the nNLS (1MRHKRSAKRTKR12) and cNLS (456RKRRKR461), previously characterized in vitro (Darshan et al., 2004), function independently in vivo. We discovered that a middle region rich in arginine residues (296SRRTGIRYSRIGNKQTLRTRS316) functions as a nuclear retention sequence (NRS), as mutagenesis of critical arginine residues within this NRS reduced the fraction of L2 in the nucleus despite the presence of both NLSs. Significantly, the infectivity of HPV16 pseudoviruses containing either RR297AA or RR297EE within the L2 NRS was strongly reduced both in HaCaT cells and in a murine challenge model. Experiments using Ratjadone A nuclear export inhibitor and mutation-localization analysis lead to the discovery of a leucine-rich nuclear export signal ((462)LPYFFSDVSL) mediating 16L2 nuclear export. These data indicate that HPV16 L2 nucleocytoplasmic traffic is dependent on multiple functional transport signals.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.