ArticlePublic health nutrition2012
An exploratory factor analysis of nutritional biomarkers associated with major depression in pregnancy.
Article in Public health nutrition, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of the Correlation Between Micronutrient Levels and Perinatal Depression.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Paediatric adverse event rating scale: a measure of safety or efficacy? Novel analysis from the MADDY study.Current medical research and opinion · 2022Trial
- Inflammation and micronutrient biomarkers predict clinical HIV treatment failure and incident active TB in HIV-infected adults: a case-control study.BMC medicine · 2018Trial
- Cluster analysis of extracellular matrix biomarkers predicts the development of impaired systolic function within 1 year of acute myocardial infarction.Heart and vessels · 2022Article
- Levels ofNutrients · 2020Article
- Biomarker screening for antenatal depression in women who underwent caesarean section: a matched observational study with plasma Lipidomics.BMC psychiatry · 2019Observational
- Imbalance between Omega-6 and Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Early Pregnancy Is Predictive of Postpartum Depression in a Belgian Cohort.Nutrients · 2019Observational
- Serum n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are inversely associated with longitudinal changes in depressive symptoms during pregnancy.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2017Article
- Antenatal dietary patterns and depressive symptoms during pregnancy and early post-partum.Maternal & child nutrition · 2017Article
- Nutrients and perinatal depression: a systematic review.Journal of nutritional science · 2017Review
- Blood-based biomarkers in depression: emerging themes in clinical research.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2014Article
- Well-being in pregnancy: an examination of the effect of socioeconomic, dietary and lifestyle factors including impact of a low glycaemic index dietary intervention.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2014Article
- Pre-pregnancy obesity and maternal nutritional biomarker status during pregnancy: a factor analysis.Public health nutrition · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveMajor depressive disorder (MDD) during pregnancy increases the risk of adverse maternal and infant outcomes. Maternal nutritional status may be a modifiable risk factor for antenatal depression. We evaluated the association between patterns in mid-pregnancy nutritional biomarkers and MDD.
designProspective cohort study.
settingPittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. SUBJECTS: Women who enrolled at ≤20 weeks' gestation and had a diagnosis of MDD made with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition) at 20-, 30- and 36-week study visits. A total of 135 women contributed 345 person-visits. Non-fasting blood drawn at enrolment was assayed for red cell essential fatty acids, plasma folate, homocysteine and ascorbic acid; serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, retinol, vitamin E, carotenoids, ferritin and soluble transferrin receptors. Nutritional biomarkers were entered into principal components analysis.
resultsThree factors emerged: Factor 1, Essential Fatty Acids; Factor 2, Micronutrients; and Factor 3, Carotenoids. MDD was prevalent in 21·5 % of women. In longitudinal multivariable logistic models, there was no association between the Essential Fatty Acids or Micronutrients pattern and MDD either before or after adjustment for employment, education or pre-pregnancy BMI. In unadjusted analysis, women with factor scores for Carotenoids in the middle and upper tertiles were 60 % less likely than women in the bottom tertile to have MDD during pregnancy, but after adjustment for confounders the associations were no longer statistically significant.
conclusionsWhile meaningful patterns were derived using nutritional biomarkers, significant associations with MDD were not observed in multivariable adjusted analyses. Larger, more diverse samples are needed to understand nutrition-depression relationships during pregnancy.
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