ArticleExpert review of clinical pharmacology2012
Insulin to treat Alzheimer's disease: just follow your nose?
Article in Expert review of clinical pharmacology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- A single-dose pilot trial of intranasal rapid-acting insulin in apolipoprotein E4 carriers with mild-moderate Alzheimer's disease.CNS drugs · 2014Trial
- Intranasal insulin in Alzheimer disease (diabetesDementia & neuropsychologia · 2025Review
- Potential molecular mechanism of exercise reversing insulin resistance and improving neurodegenerative diseases.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Review
- Review
- Novel calcium-related targets of insulin in hippocampal neurons.Neuroscience · 2017Article
- Impact of Single or Repeated Dose Intranasal Zinc-free Insulin in Young and Aged F344 Rats on Cognition, Signaling, and Brain Metabolism.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2017Article
- Vitamin E, Turmeric and Saffron in Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2016Review
- Intranasal insulin therapy for cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration: current state of the art.Expert opinion on drug delivery · 2013Review
- Intranasal treatment of central nervous system dysfunction in humans.Pharmaceutical research · 2013Review
- Intranasal insulin as a treatment for Alzheimer's disease: a review of basic research and clinical evidence.CNS drugs · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
- Comment on
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is linked to CNS insulin resistance, decreased expression of insulin and insulin receptor genes, and lower cerebrospinal insulin levels. Against this background, impaired brain insulin signaling may account for some of the cognitive deficits associated with this disease. Using the intranasal method, which effectively bypasses the blood-brain barrier to deliver and target insulin directly from the nose to the brain, a series of acute clinical trials involving healthy humans and AD patients have shown that increased CNS insulin action enhances learning and memory processes. This article summarizes and evaluates data from a recently published clinical trial, in which 4 months of intranasal insulin administration (20 IU insulin/day) preserved not only general cognition but also reduced the loss of metabolic integrity of the brain in adults with mild-to-moderate AD.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.