ArticlePulmonary circulation
Apelin and pulmonary hypertension.
Article in Pulmonary circulation. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- High-intensity interval training lowers blood pressure and improves apelin and NOx plasma levels in older treated hypertensive individuals.Journal of physiology and biochemistry · 2018Trial
- Serum apelin levels in established pulmonary arterial hypertension: A cross-sectional case-control study.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Article
- The Apelin-APJ Axis in Heart Failure: Mechanistic Insights, Clinical Evidence, and Translational Challenges.Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 2026Review
- The Role of the Apelin Receptor in the Pathophysiology of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.Cells · 2026Review
- Protein biomarkers in pulmonary arterial hypertension: advances, clinical relevance, and translational challenges.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell-based Apelin Gene Therapy Improves Pulmonary Artery Remodeling in Monocrotaline-induced Pulmonary Hypertension Through PI3K/AKT/eNOS and ERK1/2 Signaling Pathways.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2025Article
- Morphometric and Molecular Interplay in Hypertension-Induced Cardiac Remodeling with an Emphasis on the Potential Therapeutic Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Evaluation of Structure Prediction and Molecular Docking Tools for Therapeutic Peptides in Clinical Use and Trials Targeting Coronary Artery Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Adipokines in the Crosstalk between Adipose Tissues and Other Organs: Implications in Cardiometabolic Diseases.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Effect of estrogen receptor α on cardiopulmonary adaptation to chronic developmental hypoxia in a rat model.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2024Article
- Evaluation of elevated serum apelin-13 and D-dimer concentrations in individuals diagnosed with pulmonary embolism.International journal of emergency medicine · 2024Article
- Pathophysiology and pathogenic mechanisms of pulmonary hypertension: role of membrane receptors, ion channels, and CaPhysiological reviews · 2023Review
- Single-cell transcriptomic profiling of microvascular endothelial cell heterogeneity in congenital diaphragmatic hernia.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Apelin Prevents and Alleviates Crystalline Silica-induced Pulmonary Fibrosis via Inhibiting Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1-triggered Fibroblast Activation.International journal of biological sciences · 2023Article
- CD39 in the development and progression of pulmonary arterial hypertension.Purinergic signalling · 2022Review
- An organ-on-chip model of pulmonary arterial hypertension identifies a BMPR2-SOX17-prostacyclin signalling axis.Communications biology · 2022Article
- Apelin as a Candidate for Hypertension Management; a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Animal Studies.Archives of academic emergency medicine · 2022Review
- Apelin-17 to diagnose idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension: A biomarker study.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Association of the Adipokines Chemerin, Apelin, Vaspin and Omentin and Their Functional Genetic Variants with Rheumatoid Arthritis.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Article
- Changes in plasma C1q, apelin and adropin concentrations in older adults after descending and ascending stair walking intervention.Scientific reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating disease characterized by pulmonary vasoconstriction, pulmonary arterial remodeling, abnormal angiogenesis and impaired right ventricular function. Despite progress in pharmacological therapy, there is still no cure for PAH. The peptide apelin and the G-protein coupled apelin receptor (APLNR) are expressed in several tissues throughout the organism. Apelin is localized in vascular endothelial cells while the APLNR is localized in both endothelial and smooth muscle cells in vessels and in the heart. Apelin is regulated by hypoxia inducible factor -1α and bone morphogenetic protein receptor-2. Patients with PAH have lower levels of plasma-apelin, and decreased apelin expression in pulmonary endothelial cells. Apelin has therefore been proposed as a potential biomarker for PAH. Furthermore, apelin plays a role in angiogenesis and regulates endothelial and smooth muscle cell apoptosis and proliferation complementary and opposite to vascular endothelial growth factor. In the systemic circulation, apelin modulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression, induces eNOS-dependent vasodilatation, counteracts angiotensin-II mediated vasoconstriction, and has positive inotropic and cardioprotective effects. Apelin attenuates vasoconstriction in isolated rat pulmonary arteries, and chronic treatment with apelin attenuates the development of pulmonary hypertension in animal models. The existing literature thus renders APLNR an interesting potential new therapeutic target for PH.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.