ArticleJournal of addiction medicine2012
Psychostimulant-related deaths among former inmates.
Article in Journal of addiction medicine, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- The predictive validity of the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) for moderate- to high-risk cannabis, methamphetamine and opioid use after release from prison.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2023Article
- Record linkage studies of drug-related deaths among adults who were released from prison to the community: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Association of Opioid and Stimulant Use Disorder Diagnoses With Fatal and Nonfatal Overdose Among People With a History of Incarceration.JAMA network open · 2022Article
- Substance use disorders, psychiatric disorders, and mortality after release from prison: a nationwide longitudinal cohort study.The lancet. Psychiatry · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesPsychostimulants are highly addictive and their use is increasing. Little is known about psychostimulant-related deaths. This study identified characteristics, risk factors, and contributing substances reported upon death among former prison inmates who died from a psychostimulant-related death.
methodsThis retrospective cohort study of released inmates from 1999 to 2003 (N = 30,237) linked data from the Washington State Department of Corrections with the National Death Index. We examined characteristics of individuals who died with psychostimulants listed among their causes of death. These were categorized into 3 groups: (1) noncocaine psychostimulants, (2) cocaine only, and (3) all psychostimulants. Cox proportional hazards regression determined risk factors for death in each group, and the risk of death in the first 2 weeks after release from prison
resultsOf the 443 inmates who died, 25 (6%) had noncocaine psychostimulants listed among their causes of death. Six of these 25 deaths had both noncocaine psychostimulants and cocaine listed among their causes-of-death. Most of the former inmates who died with noncocaine psychostimulants were male (n = 21, 84%) and non-Hispanic white (88%, n = 22). Cocaine only was listed among the causes-of-death for 49 former inmates; most were male (n = 35, 71%) and non-Hispanic white (n = 27, 55%). Longer length of incarceration was associated with a reduced risk of death from any psychostimulant use (hazard ratio = 0.76, confidence interval = 0.63-0.920 for each additional year of incarceration) and from use of noncocaine psychostimulants (hazard ratio = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.22-0.80). Risk of death was highest during the first 2 weeks postrelease for cocaine only-related deaths (incidence mortality ratio = 1224.0, confidence interval = 583-1865).
conclusionsFormer prisoners have a significant risk of death from psychostimulants, especially within the first 2 weeks postrelease.
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