ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine1990
Reinfection results in accumulation of unintegrated viral DNA in cytopathic and persistent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of CEM cells.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 1990. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- Differential Ability of Primary HIV-1 Nef Isolates To Downregulate HIV-1 Entry Receptors.Journal of virology · 2015Trial
- PTEN Mediates the Silencing of Unintegrated HIV-1 DNA.Viruses · 2024Article
- HIV Preintegration Transcription and Host Antagonism.Current HIV research · 2023Article
- Tat IRES modulator of tat mRNA (TIM-TAM): a conserved RNA structure that controls Tat expression and acts as a switch for HIV productive and latent infection.Nucleic acids research · 2020Article
- Tat controls transcriptional persistence of unintegrated HIV genome in primary human macrophages.Virology · 2018Article
- Long Terminal Repeat Circular DNA as Markers of Active Viral Replication of Human T Lymphotropic Virus-1 in Vivo.Viruses · 2016Article
- One protein to rule them all: modulation of cell surface receptors and molecules by HIV Nef.Current HIV research · 2011Review
- The role of unintegrated DNA in HIV infection.Retrovirology · 2011Review
- OrfA downregulates feline immunodeficiency virus primary receptor CD134 on the host cell surface and is important in viral infection.Journal of virology · 2010Article
- Expression of Nef from unintegrated HIV-1 DNA downregulates cell surface CXCR4 and CCR5 on T-lymphocytes.Retrovirology · 2010Article
- Measurement of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 preintegration transcription by using Rev-dependent Rev-CEM cells reveals a sizable transcribing DNA population comparable to that from proviral templates.Journal of virology · 2009Article
- The second chance story of HIV-1 DNA: Unintegrated? Not a problem!Retrovirology · 2008Article
- Viral complementation allows HIV-1 replication without integration.Retrovirology · 2008Article
- Article
- Expression of Nef downregulates CXCR4, the major coreceptor of human immunodeficiency virus, from the surfaces of target cells and thereby enhances resistance to superinfection.Journal of virology · 2006Article
- Evolution of broad host range in retroviruses leads to cell death mediated by highly cytopathic variants.Journal of virology · 2006Article
- Mutations of a residue within the polyproline-rich region of Env alter the replication rate and level of cytopathic effects in chimeric avian retroviral vectors.Journal of virology · 2005Article
- Avian sarcoma and leukosis virus cytopathic effect in the absence of TVB death domain signaling.Journal of virology · 2005Article
- HIV-1 gene expression: lessons from provirus and non-integrated DNA.Retrovirology · 2004Review
- Lentiviruses in gene therapy clinical research.Gene therapy · 2002Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
High levels of unintegrated viral DNA accumulate during human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection of CEM T cells. Reinfection of already infected cells is required to attain these levels and reinfection also promotes the development of HIV-induced cytopathology. Rates of virus production, however, are independent of the accumulation of unintegrated viral DNA. Neutralizing antibody added soon after infection reduced viral DNA levels without appreciably affecting the production of cell-free viral p24 antigen or reverse transcriptase activity. Only 50 pM AZT were required to reduce the accumulation of unintegrated viral DNA by 50% in contrast to the 25 nM required to inhibit virus production by 50%. Cytopathology, as measured by number of syncytia in infected cell cultures, was correlated with highly elevated levels of unintegrated viral DNA. The minimal levels of unintegrated viral DNA present constitutively in the persistently infected HCEM cell line were consonant with the absence of cytopathic effects in these cells. These data demonstrate that inhibiting the reinfection of already infected cells modulates cytopathic HIV-1 infection to a form that is persistent and noncytopathic.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.