Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22126648›Full record

ArticleCritical care (London, England)2011

Pandemic and post-pandemic influenza A (H1N1) infection in critically ill patients.

Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Emili Díaz, Loreto Vidaur, Antoni Torres, Cesar Laborda, Rosa Granada, Juan Bonastre, Mar Martín, Josu Insausti, Angel Arenzana and 6 more

Open access · goldAbstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Critical care (London, England), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Challenges and opportunities in the management of severe pneumonia. Key concepts from the Seventh Annual Meeting of Spanish Experts 2025.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2026
    Review
  5. Outcomes among critically ill adults with influenza infection.Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada = Journal officiel de l'Association pour la microbiologie medicale et l'infectiologie Canada · 2021
    Article
  6. Effects of human immunodeficiency virus status on symptom severity in influenza-like illness in an otherwise healthy adult outpatient cohort.Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research · 2021
    Observational
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  16. Neces-SARI-ly?Intensive care medicine · 2016
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Critical illness associated with 2013-2014 influenza A (H1N1): Postpandemic characteristics, presentation and outcomes.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2015
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Postpandemic Influenza A/H1N1pdm09 is still Causing Severe Perinatal Complications.Mediterranean journal of hematology and infectious diseases · 2015
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 12 institutions in 1 country.

Ignacio Martin-LoechesCritical Care Center, Parc Taulí Hospital-Sabadell, CIBERes, Sabadell, Spain. drmartinloeches@gmail.com
Emili Díaz
Loreto Vidaur
Antoni Torres
Cesar Laborda
Rosa Granada
Juan Bonastre
Mar Martín
Josu Insausti
Angel Arenzana
Jose Eugenio Guerrero
Ines Navarrete
Jesus Bermejo-Martin
David Suarez
Alejandro Rodriguez
H1N1 SEMICYUC/REIPI/CIBERES Working group
Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili · ESBellvitge University Hospital · ESBiogipuzkoa Health Research Institute · ESCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red · ESDeleted InstitutionHospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid · ESHospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves · ESHospital Universitario Virgen Macarena · ESLeitat Technological Center · ESUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona · ESUniversitat de Barcelona · ESVall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari · ES

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere is a vast amount of information published regarding the impact of 2009 pandemic Influenza A (pH1N1) virus infection. However, a comparison of risk factors and outcome during the 2010-2011 post-pandemic period has not been described.

methodsA prospective, observational, multi-center study was carried out to evaluate the clinical characteristics and demographics of patients with positive RT-PCR for H1N1 admitted to 148 Spanish intensive care units (ICUs). Data were obtained from the 2009 pandemic and compared to the 2010-2011 post-pandemic period.

resultsNine hundred and ninety-seven patients with confirmed An/H1N1 infection were included. Six hundred and forty-eight patients affected by 2009 (pH1N1) virus infection and 349 patients affected by the post-pandemic Influenza (H1N1)v infection period were analyzed. Patients during the post-pandemic period were older, had more chronic comorbid conditions and presented with higher severity scores (Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA)) on ICU admission. Patients from the post-pandemic Influenza (H1N1)v infection period received empiric antiviral treatment less frequently and with delayed administration. Mortality was significantly higher in the post-pandemic period. Multivariate analysis confirmed that haematological disease, invasive mechanical ventilation and continuous renal replacement therapy were factors independently associated with worse outcome in the two periods. HIV was the only new variable independently associated with higher ICU mortality during the post-pandemic Influenza (H1N1)v infection period.

conclusionPatients from the post-pandemic Influenza (H1N1)v infection period had an unexpectedly higher mortality rate and showed a trend towards affecting a more vulnerable population, in keeping with more typical seasonal viral infection.

Indexed as

Influenza A Virus, H1N1 SubtypeAdolescentAdultAgedAge FactorsCritical IllnessFemaleHumansInfluenza, HumanIntensive Care UnitsLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedPandemicsProspective StudiesRisk Factors

Identifiers

PMID22126648
PMCPMC3388633
OpenAlexW2113616200

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.