Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22124670›Full record

ArticlePsychopharmacology2012

Effects of chronic nicotine, nicotine withdrawal and subsequent nicotine challenges on behavioural inhibition in rats.

K Z Kolokotroni, R J Rodgers, A A Harrison

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Psychopharmacology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 32% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  5. Disentangling the effects of cannabis and cigarette smoking on impulsivity.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2020
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

K Z KolokotroniBehavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Psychological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK. z.kolokotroni@leedsmet.ac.uk
R J Rodgers
A A Harrison
University of Leeds · GBLeeds Beckett University · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

rationaleDrug addiction is a chronically relapsing disorder characterised by compulsive drug use and loss of control over drug intake. Although several theories propose impulsivity as a key component of addiction, the precise nature of this relationship remains unclear.

objectivesThis study aims to investigate the short- and longer-term effects of chronic nicotine administration on behavioural inhibition.

methodsRats were trained on a symmetrically reinforced go/no-go task, following which they were subcutaneously prepared with osmotic minipumps delivering either nicotine (3.16 mg kg(-1) day(-1) (freebase)) or saline for 7 days. Performance was assessed daily during chronic treatment, in early and late abstinence, and in response to acute nicotine challenges following prolonged abstinence.

resultsChronic nicotine resulted in a transient reduction in inhibitory control. Spontaneous withdrawal was associated with a nicotine abstinence syndrome, the early stages of which were characterised by a significant increase in inhibitory control. This was, however, short-lived with a decrease in inhibition observed in the second week of abstinence. Whilst performance returned to baseline by the end of the third week, acute challenges (0.125, 0.25, 0.5 mg/kg, SC) revealed that nicotine exposure had sensitised animals to the disinhibitory effects of the compound.

conclusionsDrug-induced loss of inhibitory control may be critically involved both in the initial and later stages of addiction. Neuroadaptations occurring during chronic exposure to and/or withdrawal from nicotine render animals more sensitive to the disinhibitory effects of the drug. Longer-term changes in behaviour may play an important role in the increased susceptibility to relapse in those with a history of nicotine abuse.

Indexed as

Inhibition, PsychologicalAnimalsAnimals, Outbred StrainsDiscrimination, PsychologicalDose-Response Relationship, DrugDrug Administration ScheduleInfusion Pumps, ImplantableMaleNicotineRatsSubstance Withdrawal SyndromeNicotine

Identifiers

PMID22124670
OpenAlexW2005492154

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.