ArticleThe Journal of investigative dermatology2012
IFN-γ, IL-21, and IL-10 co-expression in evolving autoimmune vitiligo lesions of Smyth line chickens.
Article in The Journal of investigative dermatology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- IL-21 rs2055979 and serum IL-21 levels are associated with both non-segmental and segmental vitiligo in an Iranian cohort.BMC immunology · 2026Article
- A university career in basic and applied avian immunology: important contributions of chicken models for autoimmune diseases.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Unraveling Vitiligo: A Multifactorial, Autoimmune Disease - An Insight into its Pathophysiology and Power of Herbal Healing.Current drug discovery technologies · 2026Review
- Deciphering Depigmentation: Mouse Models for Vitiligo Research.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2025Review
- Associations and mediators between vitiligo and cardiovascular diseases: a Mendelian randomization study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Bacterial Cell Wall Components Lipopolysaccharide and Peptidoglycan Initiate Divergent Local Tissue and Systemic Inflammatory Response Profiles in the Chicken Model.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- The role of regulatory T cells in vitiligo and therapeutic advances: a mini-review.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2024Review
- Spontaneous immunological activities in the target tissue of vitiligo-prone Smyth and vitiligo-susceptible Brown lines of chicken.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Advances in vitiligo: Update on therapeutic targets.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Immune Activities in Choroids of Visually Impaired Smyth Chickens With Autoimmune Vitiligo.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Role of Cytokines in Vitiligo: Pathogenesis and Possible Targets for Old and New Treatments.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- New developments implicating IL-21 in autoimmune disease.Journal of autoimmunity · 2021Review
- Kinetics of the Cellular and Transcriptomic Response toFrontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Article
- Case Series: Gene Expression Analysis in Canine Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada/Uveodermatologic Syndrome and Vitiligo Reveals Conserved Immunopathogenesis Pathways Between Dog and Human Autoimmune Pigmentary Disorders.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- The chick eye in vision research: An excellent model for the study of ocular disease.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2017Review
- The growing feather as a dermal test site: Comparison of leukocyte profiles during the response to Mycobacterium butyricum in growing feathers, wattles, and wing webs.Poultry science · 2016Article
- Recent advances in understanding vitiligo.F1000Research · 2016Review
- Association of IFN-γ : IL-10 Cytokine Ratio with Nonsegmental Vitiligo Pathogenesis.Autoimmune diseases · 2015Article
- Oxidative stress and immune system in vitiligo and thyroid diseases.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The Smyth line (SL) of chicken is an excellent animal model for human autoimmune vitiligo. In SL vitiligo (SLV), postnatal loss of melanocytes in feathers appears to be due to cell-mediated immunity. In this study, leukocyte infiltration and associated expression (RNA) of immune function-related cytokines in growing feathers were investigated throughout SLV development and progression. Both leukocyte infiltration and cytokine expression levels started to increase near visible SLV onset (early SLV), reached peak levels during active SLV, and decreased to near pre-vitiligo levels after complete loss of melanocytes. Specifically, significant increases were noticed in relative proportions of T cells, B cells, and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II-expressing cells during active SLV. Levels of T-cell infiltration were higher than those of B cells, with more CD8+ than CD4+ cells throughout SLV. Elevated leukocyte infiltration in early and active SLV was accompanied by increased levels of cytokine expression, especially in IFN-γ, IL-10, and IL-21. Low expression of IL-4 and IL-17 did not suggest important roles of Th2 and Th17 cells in SLV pathogenesis. Taken together, SLV appears to be a Th1-polarized autoimmune disease, whereby IFN-γ expression is strongly associated with parallel increases in IL-10 and IL-21, particularly during early and active stages of SLV.
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Registered trials
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