ArticlePloS one2011
Expression of DNMT1 and DNMT3a are regulated by GLI1 in human pancreatic cancer.
Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 46 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- PD-L1 Downregulation and DNA Methylation Inhibition for Molecular Therapy against Cancer Stem Cells in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- CCRL2 affects the sensitivity of myelodysplastic syndrome and secondary acute myeloid leukemia cells to azacitidine.Haematologica · 2023Article
- Hsa_circ_0084003 modulates glycolysis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma through targeting hsa-miR-143-3p/DNMT3A axis.Toxicology research · 2023Article
- Article
- Retraction: Expression of DNMT1 and DNMT3a Are Regulated by GLI1 in Human Pancreatic Cancer.PloS one · 2023Article
- Epigenetic reprogramming in pancreatic premalignancy and clinical implications.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- ULK3-dependent activation of GLI1 promotes DNMT3A expression upon autophagy induction.Autophagy · 2022Article
- GermlineHaematologica · 2022Article
- Natural Bioactive Compounds Targeting Histone Deacetylases in Human Cancers: Recent Updates.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Review
- DNA Methylation and Detoxification in the EarthwormToxics · 2022Article
- The Relevance ofDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- DNA Methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) Shapes Neuronal Activity of Human iPSC-Derived Glutamatergic Cortical Neurons.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Upregulation of miR-137 Expression Suppresses Tumor Growth and Progression via Interacting with DNMT3a Through Inhibiting the PTEN/Akt Signaling in HCC.OncoTargets and therapy · 2021Article
- Review
- Hedgehog Signaling and Truncated GLI1 in Cancer.Cells · 2020Review
- Attenuation of hedgehog/GLI signaling by NT1721 extends survival in pancreatic cancer.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2019Article
- DNMT3a promotes proliferation by activating the STAT3 signaling pathway and depressing apoptosis in pancreatic cancer.Cancer management and research · 2019Article
- Tumor microenvironment participates in metastasis of pancreatic cancer.Molecular cancer · 2018Review
- DNA methyltransferase 3a modulates chemosensitivity to gemcitabine and oxaliplatin via CHK1 and AKT in p53‑deficient pancreatic cancer cells.Molecular medicine reports · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2023-11-09Concerns/Issues about Image · Duplication of/in Image · Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available · Unreliable Data · Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions ·
- Retracted
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsGLI1, as an indispensable transcriptional factor of Hedgehog signaling pathway, plays an important role in the development of pancreatic cancer (PC). DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) mediate the methylation of quantity of tumor-related genes. Our study aimed to explore the relationship between GLI1 and DNMTs.
methodsExpressions of GLI1 and DNMTs were detected in tumor and adjacent normal tissues of PC patients by immunohistochemistry (IHC). PANC-1 cells were treated by cyclopamine and GLI1-siRNA, while BxPC-3 cells were transfected with overexpression-GLI1 lentiviral vector. Then GLI1 and DNMTs expression were analyzed by qRT-PCR and western blot (WB). Then we took chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) to demonstrate GLI1 bind to DNMT1. Finally, nested MSP was taken to valuate the methylation levels of APC and hMLH1, when GLI1 expression altered.
resultsIHC result suggested the expressions of GLI1, DNMT1 and DNMT3a in PC tissues were all higher than those in adjacent normal tissues (p<0.05). After GLI1 expression repressed by cyclopamine in mRNA and protein level (down-regulation 88.1±2.2%, 86.4±2.2%, respectively), DNMT1 and DNMT3a mRNA and protein level decreased by 91.6%±2.2% and 83.8±4.8%, 87.4±2.7% and 84.4±1.3%, respectively. When further knocked down the expression of GLI1 by siRNA (mRNA decreased by 88.6±2.1%, protein decreased by 63.5±4.5%), DNMT1 and DNMT3a mRNA decreased by 80.9±2.3% and 78.6±3.8% and protein decreased by 64.8±2.8% and 67.5±5.6%, respectively. Over-expression of GLI1 by GLI1 gene transfection (mRNA increased by 655.5±85.9%, and protein increased by 272.3±14.4%.), DNMT1 and DNMT3a mRNA and protein increased by 293.0±14.8% and 578.3±58.5%, 143.5±17.4% and 214.0±18.9%, respectively. ChIP assays showed GLI1 protein bound to DNMT1 but not to DNMT3a. Results of nested MSP demonstrated GLI1 expression affected the DNA methylation level of APC but not hMLH1 in PC.
conclusionDNMT1 and DNMT3a are regulated by GLI1 in PC, and DNMT1 is its direct target gene.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.