Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22109896›Full record

ReviewClinical reviews in allergy & immunology2012

Leaky gut and autoimmune diseases.

Alessio Fasano

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 172 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
172citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
7.5field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

172 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 331 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Pooled it
  4. Effects of Probiotics Supplementation on Risk and Severity of Infections in Athletes: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Pooled it
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  13. Review
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  16. The role of nutrition on thyroid health and disease: myths and facts.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026
    Review
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  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

112 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.

Alessio FasanoMucosal Biology Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. afasano@mbrc.umaryland.edu
University of Maryland, Baltimore · US

Funding

Zot, Zonulin, and Pathophysiology of Intestinal Tight JunctionsR01DK048373 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI FASANO, ALESSIO · 1996 to 2015
$4.4M
Timing of Gluten Intake In Infant Nutrition and Risk of Celiac Disease AutoimmuniR21DK078699 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI FASANO, ALESSIO · 2008 to 2009
$413k
NIDDK NIH HHS DK-078699NIDDK NIH HHS DK-48373
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Autoimmune diseases are characterized by tissue damage and loss of function due to an immune response that is directed against specific organs. This review is focused on the role of impaired intestinal barrier function on autoimmune pathogenesis. Together with the gut-associated lymphoid tissue and the neuroendocrine network, the intestinal epithelial barrier, with its intercellular tight junctions, controls the equilibrium between tolerance and immunity to non-self antigens. Zonulin is the only physiologic modulator of intercellular tight junctions described so far that is involved in trafficking of macromolecules and, therefore, in tolerance/immune response balance. When the zonulin pathway is deregulated in genetically susceptible individuals, autoimmune disorders can occur. This new paradigm subverts traditional theories underlying the development of these diseases and suggests that these processes can be arrested if the interplay between genes and environmental triggers is prevented by re-establishing the zonulin-dependent intestinal barrier function. Both animal models and recent clinical evidence support this new paradigm and provide the rationale for innovative approaches to prevent and treat autoimmune diseases.

Indexed as

AnimalsAutoimmune DiseasesCholera ToxinGastrointestinal TractHaptoglobinsHumansIntestinal MucosaProtein PrecursorsCholera ToxinHaptoglobinsProtein Precursorszonulin

Identifiers

PMID22109896
OpenAlexW2112325559

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.