ArticleImmunogenetics2012
Evolution of the porcine (Sus scrofa domestica) immunoglobulin kappa locus through germline gene conversion.
Article in Immunogenetics, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Unveiling regulatory variants in the blood transcriptome and their association with immunity traits in pigs.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- A genome assembly and transcriptome atlas of the inbred Babraham pig to illuminate porcine immunogenetic variation.Immunogenetics · 2024Article
- IMGTBiomolecules · 2022Article
- Comparative Aspects of Immunoglobulin Gene Rearrangement Arrays in Different Species.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- A specific promoter-type in ribonuclease L gene is associated with phagocytic activity in pigs.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2021Article
- Protective porcine influenza virus-specific monoclonal antibodies recognize similar haemagglutinin epitopes as humans.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Immunoglobulins or Antibodies: IMGTBiomedicines · 2020Review
- Next-generation sequencing and single-cell RT-PCR reveal a distinct variable gene usage of porcine antibody repertoire following PEDV vaccination.Science China. Life sciences · 2020Article
- The antibody loci of the domestic goat (Capra hircus).Immunogenetics · 2018Article
- Comprehensive annotation and evolutionary insights into the canine (Canis lupus familiaris) antigen receptor loci.Immunogenetics · 2018Article
- Immunoglobulin Light Chain Gene Rearrangements, Receptor Editing and the Development of a Self-Tolerant Antibody Repertoire.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Genomic variation in the porcine immunoglobulin lambda variable region.Immunogenetics · 2016Article
- Breed-specific transcriptome response of spleen from six to eight week old piglet after infection with Streptococcus suis type 2.Molecular biology reports · 2014Article
- Characterization of a polymorphic IGLV gene in pigs (Sus scrofa).Immunogenetics · 2014Article
- Advances in swine immunology help move vaccine technology forward.Veterinary immunology and immunopathology · 2014Review
- Structural and functional annotation of the porcine immunome.BMC genomics · 2013Article
- Article
- Immunoglobulin genes and diversity: what we have learned from domestic animals.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2012Article
- The porcine antibody repertoire: variations on the textbook theme.Frontiers in immunology · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Immunoglobulin (IG) gene rearrangement and expression are central to disease resistance and health maintenance in animals. The IG kappa (IGK) locus in swine (Sus scrofa domestica) contributes to approximately half of all antibody molecules, in contrast to many other Cetartiodactyla, whose members provide the majority of human dietary protein and in which kappa locus utilization is limited. The porcine IGK variable locus is 27.9 kb upstream of five IG kappa J genes (IGKJ) which are separated from a single constant gene (IGKC) by 2.8 kb. Fourteen variable genes (IGKV) were identified, of which nine are functional and two are open reading frame (ORF). Of the three pseudogenes, IGKV3-1 contains a frameshift and multiple stop codons, IGKV7-2 contains multiple stop codons, and IGKV2-5 is missing exon 2. The nine functional IGKV genes are phylogenetically related to either the human IGKV1 or IGKV2 subgroups. IGKV2 subgroup genes were found to be dominantly expressed. Polymorphisms were identified on overlapping BACs derived from the same individual such that 11 genes contain amino acid differences. The most striking allelic differences are present in IGKV2 genes, which contain as many as 16 amino acid changes between alleles, the majority of which are in complementarity determining region (CDR) 1. In addition, many IGKV2 CDR1 are shared between genes but not between alleles, suggesting extensive diversification of this locus through gene conversion.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.