ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2012
Possible inhibitory molecular mechanism of farnesol on the development of fluconazole resistance in Candida albicans biofilm.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Synergic Effect of the Antimicrobial Peptide ToAP2 and Fluconazole onInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Erg251 has complex and pleiotropic effects on sterol composition, azole susceptibility, filamentation, and stress response phenotypes.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Mechanism and bioinformatics analysis of the effect of berberine-enhanced fluconazole against drug-resistant Candida albicans.BMC microbiology · 2024Article
- Review
- Metabolome and Transcriptome Combinatory Profiling Reveals Fluconazole Resistance Mechanisms ofMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Proteomic Profiling ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Autophagy Alters the Susceptibility ofMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Combination of Farnesol with Common Antifungal Drugs: Inhibitory Effect againstMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Success stories of natural product-derived compounds from plants as multidrug resistance modulators in microorganisms.RSC advances · 2023Review
- Antifungal compounds of Chinese prickly ash against drug-resistantFood chemistry: X · 2022Article
- Farnesol Boosts the Antifungal Effect of Fluconazole and Modulates Resistance inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Triazole Derivatives Target 14α-Demethylase (LDM) Enzyme inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Farnesol induces protection against murine CNS inflammatory demyelination and modifies gut microbiome.Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2022Review
- Regulatory network controls microbial biofilm development, withBioengineered · 2022Review
- Intestinal mycobiota in health and diseases: from a disrupted equilibrium to clinical opportunities.Microbiome · 2021Review
- Mechanistic Understanding ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Fungal Quorum-Sensing Molecules: A Review of Their Antifungal Effect againstJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Candida albicans biofilm infections are usually treated with azole antifungals such as fluconazole. However, the development of resistance to this drug in C. albicans biofilms is very common, especially in immunocompromised individuals. The upregulation of the sterol biosynthetic pathway gene ERG and the efflux pump genes CDR and MDR may contribute to this azole tolerance in Candida species. We hypothesize that farnesol, an endogenous quorum sensing molecule with possible antimicrobial properties which is also the precursor of ergosterols in C. albicans, may interfere with the development of fluconazole resistance in C. albicans biofilms. To test this hypothesis, MICs were compared and morphology changes were observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) for farnesol-treated and -untreated and fluconazole-resistant groups. The expression of possible target genes (ERG11, ERG25, ERG6, ERG5, ERG3, ERG1, MDR1, CDR1, and CDR2) in biofilms was analyzed by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) to investigate the molecular mechanisms of the inhibitory effects of farnesol. The results showed a decreased MIC of fluconazole and thinner biofilms for the farnesol-treated group, indicating that farnesol inhibited the development of fluconazole resistance. The sterol biosynthetic pathway may contribute to the inhibitory effects of farnesol, as the transcription levels of the ERG11, ERG25, ERG6, ERG3, and ERG1 genes decreased in the farnesol-treated group.
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