Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22106208›Full record

ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2012

Seasonal variations in Clostridium difficile infections are associated with influenza and respiratory syncytial virus activity independently of antibiotic prescriptions: a time series analysis in Quebec, Canada.

Rodica Gilca, Elise Fortin, Charles Frenette, Yves Longtin, Marie Gourdeau

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Vaccination to Reduce Antimicrobial Resistance Burden-Data Gaps and Future Research.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Seasonality of respiratory viruses and bacterial pathogens.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2019
    Article
  12. Temporal association between antibiotic use and resistance inAntimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2018
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Genomic Study of aFrontiers in microbiology · 2018
    Article
  15. Warmer Weather as a Risk Factor for Cellulitis: A Population-based Investigation.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2017
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Epidemiology ofThe open microbiology journal · 2017
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Rodica GilcaInstitut National de Santé Publique du Québec, Québec, Canada. rodica.gilca@ssss.gouv.qc.ca
Elise Fortin
Charles Frenette
Yves Longtin
Marie Gourdeau
Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec · CACentre hospitalier universitaire de Québec · CAHôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus · CAMcGill University Health Centre · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Seasonal variations in Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD), with a higher incidence occurring during winter months, have been reported. Although winter epidemics of respiratory viruses may be temporally associated with an increase in CDAD morbidity, we hypothesized that this association is mainly due to increased antibiotic use for respiratory infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the two most frequent respiratory viruses (influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus [RSV]) and antibiotics prescribed for respiratory infections (fluoroquinolones and macrolides) on the CDAD incidence in hospitals in the province of Québec, Canada. A multivariable Box-Jenkins transfer function model was built to relate monthly CDAD incidence to the monthly percentage of positive tests for influenza virus and RSV and monthly fluoroquinolone and macrolide prescriptions over a 4-year period (January 2005 to December 2008). Analysis showed that temporal variations in CDAD incidence followed temporal variations for influenza virus (P = 0.043), RSV (P = 0.004), and macrolide prescription (P = 0.05) time series with an average delay of 1 month and fluoroquinolone prescription time series with an average delay of 2 months (P = 0.01). We conclude that influenza virus and RSV circulation is independently associated with CDAD incidence after controlling for fluoroquinolone and macrolide use. This association was observed at an aggregated level and may be indicative of other phenomena occurring during wintertime.

Indexed as

SeasonsAnti-Bacterial AgentsClostridioides difficileClostridium InfectionsCommunity-Acquired InfectionsDrug Resistance, BacterialFluoroquinolonesHospitalizationHumansIncidenceInfluenza, HumanMacrolidesOrthomyxoviridaePopulation SurveillanceQuebecRespiratory Syncytial Virus, HumanAnti-Bacterial AgentsFluoroquinolonesMacrolides

Identifiers

PMID22106208
PMCPMC3264229
OpenAlexW2107961487

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.