Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22106155›Full record

ArticleDiabetes2012

Cellular mechanisms of restored β-cell tolerance mediated by protective alleles of Idd3 and Idd5.

Emma E Hamilton-Williams, Jocelyn Cheung, Daniel B Rainbow, Kara M Hunter, Linda S Wicker, Linda A Sherman

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 30% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Emma E Hamilton-WilliamsDepartment of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.
Jocelyn Cheung
Daniel B Rainbow
Kara M Hunter
Linda S Wicker
Linda A Sherman
Scripps Research Institute · USUniversity of Cambridge · GBJuvenile Diabetes Research Foundation · GB

Funding

Effects of insulin-dependent diabetes resistance alleles on CD8 tolerance in NODU01AI070351 · NIAID · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI SHERMAN, LINDA A · 2006 to 2011
$5.4M
NIAID NIH HHS AI 070351NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI070351Wellcome Trust 079895Wellcome Trust 091157
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Type 1 diabetes genes within the interleukin (IL)-2, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte--associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), and natural resistance-associated macrophage protein (NRAMP1) pathways influence development of autoimmune diabetes in humans and NOD mice. In NOD mice, when present together, protective alleles encoding IL-2, Idd3 candidate gene, CTLA-4, NRAMP1, and acetyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase, long-chain (ACADL) (candidate genes for the Idd5.1, Idd5.2, and Idd5.3 subregions) provide nearly complete diabetes protection. To define where the protective alleles of Idd3 and the Idd5 subregions must be present to protect from diabetes and tolerize islet-specific CD8(+) T cells, SCID mice were reconstituted so that the host and lymphocytes expressed various combinations of protective and susceptibility alleles at Idd3 and Idd5. Although protective Idd3 alleles in the lymphocytes and protective Idd5 alleles in the SCID host contributed most significantly to CD8 tolerance, both were required together in both lymphocyte and nonlymphocyte cells to recapitulate the potent diabetes protection observed in intact Idd3/5 mice. We conclude that genetic regions involved in autoimmune disease are not restricted in their influence to individual cell types. Even a single protective gene product, such as IL-2, must be expressed in both the lymphocytes and dendritic cells to exert its full extent of disease protection. These studies highlight the pleiotropic effects of genes that determine autoimmune disease susceptibility.

Indexed as

AllelesAnimalsAutoimmunityCation Transport ProteinsCells, CulturedCTLA-4 AntigenCytoprotectionDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1FemaleGenetic LociGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseImmune ToleranceInsulin-Secreting CellsInterleukin-2MiceMice, CongenicCation Transport ProteinsCTLA-4 AntigenInterleukin-2Natural Resistance-associated Macrophage Protein 1

Identifiers

PMID22106155
PMCPMC3237671
OpenAlexW2143942906

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.