Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22105373›Full record

ReviewEuropean journal of clinical pharmacology2012

Macrolides: from in vitro anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties to clinical practice in respiratory diseases.

P Zarogoulidis, N Papanas, I Kioumis, E Chatzaki, E Maltezos, K Zarogoulidis

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02630394 (A Pilot Study of Azithromycin Prophylaxis for Acute Chest Syndrome in Sickle Cell Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 138 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
138citing papers in PubMed, 9 pooled it
17.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02630394 phase1withdrawnnot on this mapstarted 2015, after this paper: background citation

A Pilot Study of Azithromycin Prophylaxis for Acute Chest Syndrome in Sickle Cell Disease

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterRan2015 to 2017Enrolled0ConditionsSickle Cell Disease, Acute Chest SyndromeArmsAzithromycin
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

138 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 301 citations in OpenAlex.

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  3. Clinical characteristics and associated factors of macrolide-resistant mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025
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  8. Macrolide antibiotics for bronchiectasis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018
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78 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

P ZarogoulidisPulmonary Department, G. Papanikolaou Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 57010, Greece. pzarog@hotmail.com
N Papanas
I Kioumis
E Chatzaki
E Maltezos
K Zarogoulidis
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki · GRDemocritus University of Thrace · GRUniversity Hospital of Alexandroupolis · GR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMacrolides have long been recognised to exert immunomodulary and anti-inflammatory actions. They are able to suppress the "cytokine storm" of inflammation and to confer an additional clinical benefit through their immunomodulatory properties.

methodsA search of electronic journal articles was performed using combinations of the following keywords: macrolides, COPD, asthma, bronchitis, bronchiolitis obliterans, cystic fibrosis, immunomodulation, anti-inflammatory effect, diabetes, side effects and systemic diseases.

resultsMacrolide effects are time- and dose-dependent, and the mechanisms underlying these effects remain incompletely understood. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have provided ample evidence of their immunomodulary and anti-inflammatory actions. Importantly, this class of antibiotics is efficacious with respect to controlling exacerbations of underlying respiratory problems, such as cystic fibrosis, asthma, bronchiectasis, panbrochiolitis and cryptogenic organising pneumonia. Macrolides have also been reported to reduce airway hyper-responsiveness and improve pulmonary function.

conclusionThis review provides an overview on the properties of macrolides (erythromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, azithromycin), their efficacy in various respiratory diseases and their adverse effects.

Indexed as

AnimalsAnti-Bacterial AgentsAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalCystic FibrosisHumansImmunologic FactorsLung Diseases, ObstructiveMacrolidesAnti-Bacterial AgentsAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalImmunologic FactorsMacrolides

Identifiers

PMID22105373
OpenAlexW2030181914

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.