ArticleJournal of endocrinological investigation2012
Protamine-1 and -2 polymorphisms and gene expression in male infertility: an Italian study.
Article in Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluation of the association between polymorphisms of PRM1 and PRM2 and the risk of male infertility: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.Scientific reports · 2020Pooled it
- Polymorphisms in Protamine 1 and Protamine 2 predict the risk of male infertility: a meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2015Pooled it
- The impact of male factors and their correct and early diagnosis in the infertile couple's pathway: 2021 perspectives.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2022Review
- Molecular diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 in seminal fluid.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2021Article
- The expression, function, and utilization of Protamine1: a literature review.Translational cancer research · 2021Review
- Molecular Analysis ofLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Epigenetics of Male Fertility: Effects on Assisted Reproductive Techniques.The world journal of men's health · 2019Review
- Polymorphisms in protamine 1 and 2 genes in asthenozoospermic men: A case-control study.International journal of reproductive biomedicine · 2018Article
- Fatherhood and Sperm DNA Damage in Testicular Cancer Patients.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2018Review
- Polymorphisms of protamine genes contribute to male infertility susceptibility in the Chinese Han population.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- The c.-190 C>A transversion in promoter region of protamine1 gene as a genetic risk factor for idiopathic oligozoospermia.Molecular biology reports · 2016Article
- Hormone and genetic study in male to female transsexual patients.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCorrect histone/protamine replacement is an important stage in chromatin condensation during spermiogenesis in humans. There are two types of protamines: protamine 1 (P1) and the protamine 2 family (P2, P3, and P4), coded by the genes PRM1 and PRM2.
aimWe analyze the sequences and gene expression of PRM1 and PRM2 and their relationship with defective spermatogenesis. MATERIALS AND
methodsSequence analysis was carried out on 163 patients attending our laboratory for analysis of seminal fluid. Patients were divided into three groups: normozoospermic (53), teratozoospermic (60), and azoospermic (50). Gene expression was analyzed in seven patients with azoospermia and one with cryptozoospermia.
resultsSeven single nuclotide polymorphisms (SNP) were identified: G54A, G102T and C230A for PRM1, and C246T, G288C, G298C and C373A for PRM2. For C230A, the CA genotype was present in 38% of teratozoospermic vs 55% of normozoospermic and 64% of azoospermic patients; for C373A, CA was found in 37% of teratozoospermic vs 47% of normozoospermic and 64% of azoospermic patients. In contrast, for G298C, GC was more common in the teratozoospermic (63%) than in the normozoospermic (49%) or azoospermic (48%) groups. These differences could suggest a greater susceptibility of these patients to abnormal sperm morphology. In five patients the levels of transcripts were reduced with respect to the control.
conclusionThese data suggest that premeiotic arrest is associated with extremely reduced protamine expression. New studies of both PRM1 and PRM2 and their mRNA expression could help us better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the protamine transcription and translation processes.
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