Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22100163›Full record

ArticleCell host & microbe2011

Imatinib-sensitive tyrosine kinases regulate mycobacterial pathogenesis and represent therapeutic targets against tuberculosis.

Ruth J Napier, Wasiulla Rafi, Mani Cheruvu, Kimberly R Powell, M Analise Zaunbrecher, William Bornmann, Padmini Salgame, Thomas M Shinnick, Daniel Kalman

Erratum issuedOpen access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell host & microbe, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 114 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
114citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.2field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

114 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 202 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Host-directed therapy for tuberculosis.European journal of medical research · 2025
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Inducible antibacterial responses in macrophages.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Discovery of anti-infective compounds againstFrontiers in microbiology · 2024
    Article

54 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

  • Erratum issued
5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Ruth J NapierGraduate Program of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Wasiulla Rafi
Mani Cheruvu
Kimberly R Powell
M Analise Zaunbrecher
William Bornmann
Padmini Salgame
Thomas M Shinnick
Daniel Kalman
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention · USEmory University · USRutgers, The State University of New Jersey · USThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center · US

Funding

Tumor Evolution and Metastasis ProgramP30CA016672 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF TX MD ANDERSON CAN CTR · PI Scott Kopetz · 1985 to 2026
$290.8M
Bacterial factors modulating host immunityR01DK074731 · NIDDK · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI KALMAN, DANIEL · 2008 to 2018
$2.4M
Mechanisms of pox virus motility and releaseR01AI072462 · NIAID · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI KALMAN, DANIEL · 2008 to 2012
$2.2M
Role of tyrosine kinases in EPEC and EHEC pathogenesisR01AI056067 · NIAID · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI KALMAN, DANIEL · 2003 to 2007
$1.6M
NCI NIH HHS CA016672NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI056067NIAID NIH HHS R01AI056067-01NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI072462NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK074731PHS HHS R01A107246201
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The lengthy course of treatment with currently used antimycobacterial drugs and the resulting emergence of drug-resistant strains have intensified the need for alternative therapies against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the etiologic agent of tuberculosis. We show that Mtb and Mycobacterium marinum use ABL and related tyrosine kinases for entry and intracellular survival in macrophages. In mice, the ABL family tyrosine kinase inhibitor, imatinib (Gleevec), when administered prophylactically or therapeutically, reduced both the number of granulomatous lesions and bacterial load in infected organs and was also effective against a rifampicin-resistant strain. Further, when coadministered with current first-line drugs, rifampicin or rifabutin, imatinib acted synergistically. These data implicate host tyrosine kinases in entry and intracellular survival of mycobacteria and suggest that imatinib may have therapeutic efficacy against Mtb. Because imatinib targets host, it is less likely to engender resistance compared to conventional antibiotics and may decrease the development of resistance against coadministered drugs.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntitubercular AgentsBacterial ProteinsBenzamidesCell LineDrug Resistance, BacterialEnzyme InhibitorsHumansImatinib MesylateMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMycobacterium tuberculosisPiperazinesProtein-Tyrosine KinasesPyrimidinesAntitubercular AgentsBacterial ProteinsBenzamidesEnzyme InhibitorsImatinib MesylatePiperazinesProtein-Tyrosine KinasesPyrimidines

Identifiers

PMID22100163
PMCPMC3222875
OpenAlexW1964607061

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.