ArticleMultiple sclerosis international2011
Multiple sclerosis: a disorder of altered T-cell homeostasis.
Article in Multiple sclerosis international, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04545372 (Effect of Aerobic Exercises on Immune System in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis), which is not on this map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Aerobic Exercises on Immune System in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- T Cell Aging: An Important Target for Perioperative Immunomodulation.Clinical interventions in aging · 2025Review
- Alterations of Thymus-Derived Tregs in Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- CD4Cells · 2024Review
- A causal relationship between leukocyte telomere length and multiple sclerosis: A Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- The Role of T Cell Senescence in Neurological Diseases and Its Regulation by Cellular Metabolism.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Increased IL-2 and Reduced TGF-β Upon T-Cell Stimulation are Associated with GM-CSF Upregulation in Multiple Immune Cell Types in Multiple Sclerosis.Biomedicines · 2020Article
- Lack of specific T- and B-cell clonal expansions in multiple sclerosis patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Epidemiology and treatment of multiple sclerosis in elderly populations.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2019Review
- Endogenous opioid inhibition of proliferation of T and B cell subpopulations in response to immunization for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.BMC immunology · 2015Article
- New and emerging immune-targeted drugs for the treatment of multiple sclerosis.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2014Review
- Postthymic expansion in human CD4 naive T cells defined by expression of functional high-affinity IL-2 receptors.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2013Article
- Can we prevent or treat multiple sclerosis by individualised vitamin D supply?The EPMA journal · 2013Article
- Targeting the shift from M1 to M2 macrophages in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice treated with fasudil.PloS one · 2013Article
- Multiple sclerosis and the blood-central nervous system barrier.Cardiovascular psychiatry and neurology · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Uncertainty exists as to whether similar or different mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of different subtypes of multiple sclerosis (MS). Detailed analysis of naive T cell homeostasis shows that patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and with primary progressive MS (PPMS) have early-onset thymic involution that causes reduced thymic output. The reduced thymic output leads to secondary peripheral homeostatic alterations in naïve CD4 T-cells, which closely mimic T-cell alterations observed in an experimental animal model of diabetes mellitus. Homeostatic T-cell receptor (TCR) signalling and proliferation of naïve T cells are induced by self-peptides. Consequently, the findings of increased TCR signalling of naïve CD4 T-cells, without increased proliferation, in PPMS, and the increased homeostatic proliferation of naïve CD4 T-cells in RRMS favour the development of autoimmunity. Thus, it seems highly likely that peripheral T-cell alterations secondary to a thymic abnormality contribute to the pathogenesis of both MS subtypes.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.