ReviewNature reviews. Immunology2011
TLR-dependent T cell activation in autoimmunity.
Review in Nature reviews. Immunology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 235 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
235 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 433 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)Autophagy · 2021Guideline
- Pathobiology of Modic changes.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2016Pooled it
- Vaccinations in paediatric rheumatology: an update on current developments.Current rheumatology reports · 2015Pooled it
- Toll-like receptor 3 expression and function in childhood idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2015Trial
- Adaptive Immunity in Marsupials.Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Ecological and integrative physiology · 2026Review
- Targeting WIP1 reprograms immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment to potentiate immunotherapy response in colorectal cancer.Cell death and differentiation · 2026Article
- Lipid-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with Thymoquinone as a novel treatment for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in rats.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2026Article
- Spices to Combat Sepsis: Curcumin and Piperine Combination Increases Survival and Modulates Immune Response in a Murine Two-Hit Trauma Model.Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2026Article
- The role of HIF-1α in innate immune mechanisms and autoimmunity: A double-edged sword.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Review
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in the Keratinocytes Contributes to Chronic Itch by Activation of Lipocalin 2/MC4R/TRPV1 Pathway.Neuroscience bulletin · 2026Article
- Expression of intracellular toll-like receptors in leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma.Acta odontologica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Multifaceted regulation of thymic tolerance by pattern recognition cascades.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Targeting pattern recognition receptors for cancer therapy: Mechanisms and strategies.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
- Intestinal epithelial Ceacam1 deficiency prevents steroid-refractory acute gut graft-versus-host disease.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Relationship Between Sleep and Immunology in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- T Cell Involvement in Neuroinflammation After Traumatic Brain Injury: Implications for Therapeutic Intervention.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Review
- Clinical and Evolutive Features of Tuberculous Meningitis in an Immunosuppressed Adolescent During the COVID 19 Pandemic.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Epigenetic Regulation of Innate and Adaptive Immune Cells in Salt-Sensitive Hypertension.Circulation research · 2025Review
- rFIP-nha activates macrophages towards a pro-inflammatory phenotype via AIM2 inflammasome modulation.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- Integrating IL-12 mRNA nanotechnology with SBRT eliminates T cell exhaustion in preclinical models of pancreatic cancer.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2024Article
175 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Autoimmune disease can develop as a result of a breakdown in immunological tolerance, leading to the activation of self-reactive T cells. There is an established link between infection and human autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, experimental autoimmune diseases can be induced by autoantigens that are administered together with complete Freund's adjuvant, which contains killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis; in some cases, these bacteria can be replaced by individual pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Exogenous PAMPs and endogenous danger signals from necrotic cells bind to pattern recognition receptors (including Toll-like receptors) and activate signalling pathways in innate immune cells and in T cells. This leads to pro-inflammatory cytokine production and T cell activation, which are now considered to be major factors in the development of autoimmunity.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.