ReviewArthritis research & therapy2011
Ultrasound in the evaluation of enthesitis: status and perspectives.
Review in Arthritis research & therapy, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 145 citations in OpenAlex.
- A clinical practice guideline for the screening and assessment of enthesitis in patients with spondyloarthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Guideline
- The Hidden Burden of Entheseal Pathology in Lower-Limb Pain: A Real-World Ultrasound Study of 667 Adults.Mayo Clinic proceedings. Innovations, quality & outcomes · 2026Article
- Rotator cuff calcifications in pseudoxanthoma elasticum: a comparative analysis of prevalence and anatomical distribution.Skeletal radiology · 2026Article
- Neither ultrasound synovitis nor clinical-ultrasound phenotypes of established rheumatoid arthritis predict response to targeted therapy.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Observational
- Article
- Beyond Nerve Entrapment: A Narrative Review of Muscle-Tendon Pathologies in Deep Gluteal Syndrome.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Ultrasonographic study of the thumb pulleys and their entheses: correlations with anatomy and histology.RMD open · 2025Article
- Musculoskeletal ultrasound characteristics of checkpoint inhibitor-associated inflammatory arthritis.Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism · 2024Article
- Identifying enthesitis in the sacroiliac joints in patients with axial spondyloarthritis by readers of varying experience: impact of the learning progress.BMC rheumatology · 2024Article
- Subclinical Enthesopathy in Psoriasis-An Ultrasonographic Study.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Observational
- Ultrasonographic Synovitis Is Associated with the Development of Joint Destruction in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Ultrasonographic Insights into Peripheral Psoriatic Arthritis: Updates in Diagnosis and Monitoring.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Review
- Increased Circulating CD14+ Monocytes in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis Presenting Impaired Apoptosis Activity.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Achilles tendon and enthesis assessment using ultrashort echo time magnetic resonance imaging (UTE-MRI) T1 and magnetization transfer (MT) modeling in psoriatic arthritis.NMR in biomedicine · 2024Article
- Dickkopf-Related Protein 1 (DKK-1) as a Possible Link between Bone Erosions and Increased Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Psoriatic Arthritis: An Ultrasound Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Ultrasonography for Injecting (Around) the Lateral Epicondyle: EURO-MUSCULUS/USPRM Perspective.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Reactive arthritis before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.Clinical rheumatology · 2022Review
- Entheseal Involvement in Spondyloarthritis (SpA) and Gout: An Ultrasound Comparative Study.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Entheseal involvement in a group of psoriatic arthritis patients: An ultrasonographic study.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Article
- Musculoskeletal Imaging for Dermatologists: Techniques in the Diagnosis and Management of Psoriatic Arthritis.Dermatology and therapy · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionAn increasing number of studies have applied ultrasound to the evaluation of entheses in spondyloarthritis patients. However, no clear agreement exists on the definition of enthesitis, on the number and choice of entheses to examine and on ultrasound technique, which may all affect the results of the examination. The objectives of this study were to first determine the level of homogeneity in the ultrasound definitions for the principal lesions of enthesitis in the published literature and second, to evaluate the metric properties of ultrasound for detecting enthesitis according to the OMERACT filter.
methodsSearch was performed in PUBMED and EMBASE. Both grey-scale and Doppler definitions of enthesitis, including describing features of enthesitis, were collected and metrological qualities of studies were assessed.
resultsAfter selection, 48 articles were analyzed. The definition of ultrasound enthesitis and elementary features varied among authors. Grey-scale enthesitis was characterized by increasing thickness (94% of studies), hypoechogenicity (83%), enthesophytes (69%), erosions (67%), calcifications (52%), associated bursitis (46%) and cortical irregularities (29%). Only 46% of studies reported the use of Doppler. High discrepancies were observed on frequency, type of probe and Doppler mode used. Face and content validity were the most frequently evaluated criteria (43%) followed by reliability (29%) and responsiveness (19%).
conclusionsUltrasound has evidence to support face, content validity and reliability for the evaluation of enthesitis, though there is a lack of well-reported methodology in most of the studies. Consensus on elementary lesions and standardization of exam is needed to determine the ultrasound definition of enthesitis in grey-scale and in Doppler for future applications.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.