ReviewNeurocritical care2012
Hyperosmolar therapy for intracranial hypertension.
Review in Neurocritical care, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03409237 (Evaluation of Coagulation Activation in Patients With Intracranial Hypertension After Treatment With Mannitol or Hypertonic Saline Solution.), which is not on this map. Cited by 37 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Evaluation of Coagulation Activation in Patients With Intracranial Hypertension After Treatment With Mannitol or Hypertonic Saline Solution.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- Therapeutic comparison of hypertonic saline and mannitol in pediatric intracranial hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2025Pooled it
- Cardiac output changes after osmotic therapy in neurosurgical and neurocritical care patients: a systematic review of the clinical literature.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2018Pooled it
- Therapeutic Hypothermia Reduces Intracranial Pressure and Partial Brain Oxygen Tension in Patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Preliminary Data from the Eurotherm3235 Trial.Therapeutic hypothermia and temperature management · 2015Trial
- Continuous 3% Saline Infusion Combined with 7.5% Hypertonic Saline Bolus is Associated with Lower Mortality in Patients with Severe Brain Injury: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.Neurocritical care · 2026Article
- The impact of therapeutic radiation on drug distribution across the blood-brain barrier in normal mouse brain and orthotopic glioblastoma tumors.Neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Beneficial Effect of Pretreatment Hyperosmolality on Outcome in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Evidence from a South Korean Multicenter Registry and Propensity Score Matching Analysis.Neurocritical care · 2024Article
- Early Hyperosmolarity and Favorable Outcome in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury? Take it with a Grain of Salt.Neurocritical care · 2024Article
- Should Hypertonic Saline Be Considered for the Treatment of Intracranial Hypertension? A Review of Current Evidence and Clinical Practices.Korean journal of neurotrauma · 2024Review
- Safety and Effect on Intracranial Pressure of 3% Hypertonic Saline Bolus Via Peripheral Intravenous Catheter for Neurological Emergencies.Neurocritical care · 2024Article
- Cardiac Injury After Traumatic Brain Injury: Clinical Consequences and Management.Neurocritical care · 2024Article
- Effectiveness of Mannitol Use on Clinical Outcomes of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Patients.F1000Research · 2024Observational
- Optimizing Mannitol Use in Managing Increased Intracranial Pressure: A Comprehensive Review of Recent Research and Clinical Experiences.Korean journal of neurotrauma · 2023Review
- Label-Free Assessment of Mannitol Accumulation Following Osmotic Blood-Brain Barrier Opening Using Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Magnetic Resonance Imaging.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Verticalization for Refractory Intracranial Hypertension: A Case Series.Neurocritical care · 2022Article
- Cerebral edema after ischemic stroke: Pathophysiology and underlying mechanisms.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Review
- The Utility of a Point-of-Care Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound Management Algorithm on Outcomes in Pediatric Asphyxial Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest - An Exploratory Investigation.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
- An overview of management of intracranial hypertension in the intensive care unit.Journal of anesthesia · 2020Review
- Article
- Cerebral Edema in Traumatic Brain Injury: a Historical Framework for Current Therapy.Current treatment options in neurology · 2020Article
- The Association of Early Electrocardiographic Abnormalities With Brain Injury Severity and Outcome in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The use of hyperosmolar agents for intracranial hypertension was introduced in the early 20th century and remains a mainstay of therapy for patients with cerebral edema. Both animal and human studies have demonstrated the efficacy of two hyperosmolar agents, mannitol and hypertonic saline, in reducing intracranial pressure via volume redistribution, plasma expansion, rheologic modifications, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, because of physician and institutional variation in therapeutic practices, lack of standardized protocols for initiation and administration of therapy, patient heterogeneity, and a paucity of randomized controlled trials have yielded little class I evidence on which clinical decisions can be based, most current evidence regarding the use of hyperosmolar therapy is derived from retrospective analyses (class III) and case series (class IV). In this review, we summarize the available evidence regarding the use of hyperosmolar therapy with mannitol or hypertonic saline for the medical management of intracranial hypertension and present a comprehensive discussion of the evidence associated with various theoretical and practical concerns related to initiation, dosage, and monitoring of therapy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.