ReviewCellular and molecular neurobiology2012
Epinephrine: a short- and long-term regulator of stress and development of illness : a potential new role for epinephrine in stress.
Review in Cellular and molecular neurobiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 127 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Adrenergic Receptor Stimulation on Human Hemostasis: A Systematic Review.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Pooled it
- Work-Related Stress, Physio-Pathological Mechanisms, and the Influence of Environmental Genetic Factors.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Pooled it
- SENSIT, a Modular Single-Chain Fluorescent Integrator Platform for GPCR Ligands.ACS chemical biology · 2026Article
- Perceived Racial Stress Effects on Neuropsychological Functioning in African Americans are Mediated by the Brain's Reward/Safety SEEKING Systems via Neuroimmune and Neuroendocrine Pathways.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Occupational Stress and Altered Serum Leptin Among Female Workers in Southern Brazil.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Perfluorooctanoic acid, perfluorobutanoic acid, and undecafluoro-2-methyl-3-oxahexanoic acid disrupt neurotransmitter release and cholinesterase activity.Chemosphere · 2025Article
- Unraveling the Versatility of Carbon Black - Polylactic Acid (CB/PLA) 3D-Printed Electrodes via Sustainable Electrochemical Activation.Small methods · 2025Article
- Stressless sampling to improve diagnostics of catecholamine excess: new assay to determine metanephrines in saliva.Endocrine connections · 2025Article
- Monoamine neurochemistry, behavior, and microhabitat contribute to male coquí frog modes: silent, territorial, and paternal.Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology · 2025Article
- Circulating Stress Hormones, Brain Health, and Cognition in Healthy Older Adults: Cross-Sectional Findings and Sex Differences in Age-Well.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2025Article
- Article
- Behavioral, metabolic, and biochemical alterations caused by an acute stress event in a zebrafish larvae model.Fish physiology and biochemistry · 2025Article
- Neurobiological Implications of Chronic Stress and Metabolic Dysregulation in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Beta-adrenergic stimulation promotes an endoplasmic reticulum stress-dependent inflammatory program in salivary gland epithelial cells.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2024Article
- Stress biomarkers in adult patients with drug-resistant epilepsy on a modified Atkins diet: A prospective study.Epilepsia open · 2023Article
- Broiler Heart Muscle Monoaminergic Receptors Alteration in Response to Chronic Heat Stress: Based on Transcription Analysis.Archives of Razi Institute · 2023Article
- Sex-Dependent Effects of Chronic Restraint Stress on Mood-Related Behaviours and Neurochemistry in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- 3D anatomy of autonomic innervations in immune organs of a non-human primate and the human.Fundamental research · 2023Article
- Mitochondrial dysfunction as a possible trigger of neuroinflammation at post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).Frontiers in physiology · 2023Review
- The Impact of Job-Demand-Control-Support on Leptin and Ghrelin as Biomarkers of Stress in Emergency Healthcare Workers.Nutrients · 2022Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Epinephrine (Epi), which initiates short-term responses to cope with stress, is, in part, stress-regulated via genetic control of its biosynthetic enzyme, phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT). In rats, immobilization (IMMO) stress activates the PNMT gene in the adrenal medulla via Egr-1 and Sp1 induction. Yet, elevated Epi induced by acute and chronic stress is associated with stress induced, chronic illnesses of cardiovascular, immune, cancerous, and behavioral etiologies. Major sources of Epi include the adrenal medulla and brainstem. Although catecholamines do not cross the blood-brain barrier, circulating Epi from the adrenal medulla may communicate with the central nervous system and stress circuitry by activating vagal nerve β-adrenergic receptors to release norepinephrine, which could then stimulate release of the same from the nucleus tractus solitarius and locus coeruleus. In turn, the basal lateral amygdala (BLA) may activate to stimulate afferents to the hypothalamus, neocortex, hippocampus, caudate nucleus, and other brain regions sequentially. Recently, we have shown that repeated IMMO or force swim stress may evoke stress resiliency, as suggested by changes in expression and extinction of fear memory in the fear-potentiated startle paradigm. However, concomitant adrenergic changes seem stressor dependent. Present studies aim to identify stressful conditions that elicit stress resiliency versus stress sensitivity, with the goal of developing a model to investigate the potential role of Epi in stress-associated illness. If chronic Epi over expression does elicit illness, possibilities for alternative therapeutics exist through regulating stress-induced Epi expression, adrenergic receptor function and/or corticosteroid effects on Epi, adrenergic receptors and the stress axis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.