ArticleMucosal immunology2012
Foreskin T-cell subsets differ substantially from blood with respect to HIV co-receptor expression, inflammatory profile, and memory status.
Article in Mucosal immunology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03412071 (Testing the Ability of a Microbiome - Focused Intervention to Reduce HIV Susceptibility in Ugandan Men), which is not on this map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Testing the Ability of a Microbiome - Focused Intervention to Reduce HIV Susceptibility in Ugandan Men
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chemokine Levels in the Penile Coronal Sulcus Correlate with HIV-1 Acquisition and Are Reduced by Male Circumcision in Rakai, Uganda.PLoS pathogens · 2016Trial
- Partner characteristics predicting HIV-1 set point in sexually acquired HIV-1 among African seroconverters.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2013Trial
- HIV Transmission and Immunology of the Male Reproductive Tract.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- HIV-associated penile anaerobes disrupt epithelial barrier integrity.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- The role of genetic diversity, epigenetic regulation, and sex-based differences in HIV cure research: a comprehensive review.Epigenetics & chromatin · 2025Review
- Article
- Distinct mucosal and systemic immunological characteristics in transgender women potentially relating to HIV acquisition.JCI insight · 2023Article
- HIV-Host Cell Interactions.Cells · 2023Review
- The initial interplay between HIV and mucosal innate immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- How Does Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision Reduce HIV Risk?Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2022Review
- Immune milieu and microbiome of the distal urethra in Ugandan men: impact of penile circumcision and implications for HIV susceptibility.Microbiome · 2022Article
- A pilot study to show that asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections alter the foreskin epithelial proteome.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Semen: A modulator of female genital tract inflammation and a vector for HIV-1 transmission.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2021Review
- Penile bacteria associated with HIV seroconversion, inflammation, and immune cells.JCI insight · 2021Article
- An IRF1-IRF4 Toggle-Switch Controls Tolerogenic and Immunogenic Transcriptional Programming in Human Langerhans Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Foreskin surface area is not associated with sub-preputial microbiome composition or penile cytokines.PloS one · 2020Article
- The Penile Microbiota in Uncircumcised and Circumcised Men: Relationships With HIV and Human Papillomavirus Infections and Cervicovaginal Microbiota.Frontiers in medicine · 2020Review
- Article
- Mucosal Vaccine Approaches for Prevention of HIV and SIV Transmission.Current immunology reviews · 2019Article
- Impact of Endemic Infections on HIV Susceptibility in Sub-Saharan Africa.Tropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The foreskin is the main site of heterosexual human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition in uncircumcised men, but functional data regarding T-cell subsets present at this site are lacking. Foreskin tissue and blood were obtained from Ugandan men undergoing elective adult circumcision. Tissue was treated by mechanical and enzymatic digestion followed by T-cell subset identification and assessment of cytokine production using flow cytometry. Foreskin CD4(+) T cells were predominantly an effector memory phenotype, and compared with blood they displayed a higher frequency of CCR5 expression (42.0% vs. 9.9%) and interleukin-17 production. There was no difference in T-regulatory cell frequency, but interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α production were increased in foreskin CD8(+) T cells. These novel techniques demonstrate that the foreskin represents a proinflammatory milieu that is enriched for HIV-susceptible T-cell subsets. Further characterization of foreskin T-cell subsets may help to define the correlates of HIV susceptibility in the foreskin.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.