Trial reportGender medicine2011
Are male neonates more vulnerable to neonatal abstinence syndrome than female neonates?
Trial report in Gender medicine, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maintenance agonist treatments for opiate-dependent pregnant women.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Prediction of site-specific pharmacologic therapy among newborns with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2025Article
- Molecular evidence of the sex-specific effects of prenatal opioid exposure.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2025Article
- Sex differences in neonatal outcomes following prenatal opioid exposure.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Review
- Inpatient Growth in Infants Requiring Pharmacologic Treatment for Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome.International journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
- Impact of sex, race, and social determinants of health on neonatal outcomes.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Review
- A review of the genomics of neonatal abstinence syndrome.Frontiers in genetics · 2023Review
- Risk Factors Associated with the Occurrence of Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome: A Review.CNS drugs · 2019Review
- Early postpartum resting-state functional connectivity for mothers receiving buprenorphine treatment for opioid use disorder: A pilot study.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2019Article
- Effects of opioids on the parental brain in health and disease.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2019Review
- In Utero Exposure to Norbuprenorphine, a Major Metabolite of Buprenorphine, Induces Fetal Opioid Dependence and Leads to Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2019Article
- Male Sex Associated With Increased Risk of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome.Hospital pediatrics · 2017Article
- Review
- An examination of sex differences in the effects of early-life opiate and alcohol exposure.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2016Review
- Pharmacologic management of the opioid neonatal abstinence syndrome.Pediatric clinics of North America · 2012Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrior studies have shown an increased vulnerability among males to adverse outcomes during the postnatal period. Most children exposed to opioids and other medications in utero develop neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), yet individual predisposition for NAS is poorly understood.
objectiveThis investigation examined the role of neonatal sex in the postnatal period for neonates exposed to standardized opioid maintenance treatment in utero with a focus on NAS regarding severity, medication requirements, and duration.
methodsThis was a secondary analysis of data collected in a prospective randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, multicenter trial (MOTHER study) that examined the comparative safety and efficacy of methadone and buprenorphine during pregnancy. A total of 131 neonates born to opioid-dependent women randomized at 6 US sites (n = 74) and 1 European site (n = 37) were analyzed. Sex-based differences in birth weight, length, head circumference, NAS duration, NAS severity, and treatment parameters of full-term neonates were assessed.
resultsMales had a significantly higher birth weight (P = 0.027) and head circumference (P = 0.017) compared with females, with no significant sex difference in rates of preterm delivery. No significant sex-related differences were found for NAS development, severity, or duration, or medication administered, and there were no significant differences in concomitant drug consumption during pregnancy (P = 0.959).
conclusionsThis unique prospective study shows similar postnatal vulnerability for both sexes, suggesting that factors other than sex are the major determinants of clinically significant NAS. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT 00271219.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.