ArticlePloS one2011
Extracellular matrix from porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) as immune adjuvants.
Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anti-Fibrotic Properties of a Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Scaffold from Porcine Small Intestinal Submucosa in Normal Human and Keloid Fibroblasts.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- In-Situ Self-Assembling Oligomeric Collagen Scaffold Enhances Vaccine Retention and Vaccine-Induced Humoral Immunity.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Integrative cartilage repair using acellular allografts for engineered structure and surface lubrication in vivo.NPJ Regenerative medicine · 2024Article
- Extracellular Matrix Scaffold-Assisted Tumor Vaccines Induce Tumor Regression and Long-Term Immune Memory.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2024Article
- Biologic Mechanisms of Macrophage Phenotypes Responding to Infection and the Novel Therapies to Moderate Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Tumor-associated macrophages: Prognostic and therapeutic targets for cancer in humans and dogs.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Field safety experience with an autologous cancer vaccine in tumor-bearing cats: a retrospective study of 117 cases (2015-2020).Journal of feline medicine and surgery · 2022Article
- Accelerating ESD-induced gastric ulcer healing using a pH-responsive polyurethane/small intestinal submucosa hydrogel delivered by endoscopic catheter.Regenerative biomaterials · 2021Article
- Regenerative immunology: the immunological reaction to biomaterials.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2017Review
- Engaging adaptive immunity with biomaterials.Journal of materials chemistry. B · 2014Article
- Understanding roles of porcine small intestinal submucosa in urinary bladder regeneration: identification of variable regenerative characteristics of small intestinal submucosa.Tissue engineering. Part B, Reviews · 2014Review
- Effects of small intestinal submucosa (SIS) on the murine innate immune microenvironment induced by heat-killed Staphylococcus aureus.PloS one · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) of Cook Biotech is licensed and widely used for tissue remodeling in humans. SIS was shown to be highly effective as an adjuvant in model studies with prostate and ovarian cancer vaccines. However, SIS adjuvanticity relative to alum, another important human-licensed adjuvant, has not yet been delineated in terms of activation of innate immunity via inflammasomes and boosting of antibody responses to soluble proteins and hapten-protein conjugates. We used ovalbumin, and a hapten-protein conjugate, phthalate-keyhole limpet hemocyanin. The evaluation of SIS was conducted in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice using both intraperitoneal and subcutaneous routes. Inflammatory responses were studied by microarray profiling of chemokines and cytokines and by qPCR of inflammasomes-related genes. Results showed that SIS affected cytokine and chemokines microenvironments such as up-regulation of IL-4 and CD30-ligand and activation of chemotactic factors LIX and KC (neutrophil chemotactic factors), MCP-1 (monocytes chemotactic factors), MIP 1-α (macrophage chemotactic factor) and lymphotactin, as well as, growth factors like M-CSF. SIS also promoted gene expression of Nod-like receptors (NLR) and associated downstream effectors. However, in contrast to alum, SIS had no effects on pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α) or NLRP3, but it appeared to promote both Th1 and Th2 responses under different conditions. Lastly, it was as effective as alum in engendering a lasting and specific antibody response, primarily of IgG1 type.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.