Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22085171›Full record

ArticleExpert review of vaccines2011

Salmonella expressing detoxified lipopolysaccharide is immunogenic and protective both as an attenuated vaccine and for delivery of foreign antigens.

James E Galen, Raphael Simon, Robert K Ernst

Open access · greenAbstract readComment
In one paragraph

Article in Expert review of vaccines, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Salmonella as a vaccine delivery vehicle.Expert review of vaccines · 2013
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

James E GalenCenter for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. jgalen@medicine.umaryland.edu
Raphael Simon
Robert K Ernst
University of Maryland, Baltimore · US

Funding

Vaccine strategy for broad spectrum protection agains non-typhoidal salmonellU54AI057168 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI LEVINE, MYRON MAX · 2003 to 2013
$91.5M
FELLOWSHIP TRAINING PROGRAM IN VACCINOLOGYT32AI007524 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI Marcelo B. Sztein · 1997 to 2026
$6.4M
NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007524NIAID NIH HHS U54 AI057168
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The construction of safe and protective vaccines, derived from human pathogens that have been genetically modified to remove pathogenicity, is often easier to accomplish on paper than it is in the laboratory. Kong and colleagues have pursued a clever strategy to reduce the reactogenicity of attenuated Salmonella oral vaccines by genetically modifying the surface lipopolysaccharide to lower endotoxic activity. The resulting candidate vaccine strains were highly reduced in virulence yet were able to confer protection in a mouse model against challenge with virulent Salmonella. Remarkably, these strains could also be further modified to present foreign antigens from unrelated human pathogens and again confer protection against heterologous challenge. This work brings important new tools to bear on solving the problem of creating efficacious attenuated bacterial vaccines that maximize both safety and immunogenicity in clinical trials.

Identifiers

PMID22085171
PMCPMC3289411
OpenAlexW2132201518

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.